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A powerful new approach to study early galaxy formation is through massive relic galaxies openParMRGsclosePar which are local analogs of the high-redshift red nuggets thought to represent progenitors of today.s early-type galaxies. X-ray observation of the hot diffuse gas of MRGs is the most viable means to measure the global properties like the halo concentration comma mass comma and baryon fraction comma but only two MRGs have been identified that are suitable for such an X-ray analysis. To remedy this comma we constructed a sample of MRGs to map in detail their X-ray emission. We propose a snapshot survey of the 5 MRGs in the sample which lack any X-ray data. Deep follow-up exposures with XMM-Newton and Chandra of promising targets will then be sought for detailed analysis of their mass distributions.

研究早期星系形成的一种高效新方法，可通过大质量遗迹星系（massive relic galaxies，MRGs）展开——这类星系是被视作当今早型星系前身天体的高红移红块星系的本地类似体。对大质量遗迹星系的热弥散气体开展X射线观测，是测量其暗物质晕浓度、质量及重子丰度等全局属性的最可行手段，但目前仅发现2个适用于此类X射线分析的大质量遗迹星系。为弥补这一不足，我们构建了一组大质量遗迹星系样本，以详细绘制其X射线辐射分布。我们提议对该样本中暂无任何X射线观测数据的5个大质量遗迹星系开展快照巡天。后续将针对候选目标，利用XMM-Newton与钱德拉（Chandra）望远镜进行深场后续曝光，以开展其质量分布的详细分析。