Myofascial trigger points in patients with temporomandibular joint disc displacement with reduction: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Objective The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the impact of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in patients with articular disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) and to identify which clinical variables are associated with the concomitant presence of DDWR and MTrPs. Material and Methods 130 patients were selected that sought treatment due to joint pain, with ages ≥18 years, of both genders, with DDWR confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. The sample was divided into two groups: Group 1, patients with DDWR and MTrPs (N=101); and Group 2, patients with DDWR and no MTrPs (N=29). Information on gender, age, pain duration, pain scores, and maximal interincisal distance (MID) were collected. The logistic regression model was used and the odds ratios (OR) was calculated (p<0.05). Results Group 1 presented statistically significant higher mean pain scores (p=0.007), and smaller MID (p=0.0268) than Group 2. OR were significant for the pain scores (1.429), MID (0.937) and gender (women) (2.810). Conclusions Patients with DDWR and MTrPs had increased pain scores and a MID decrease compared to patients with DDWR and no MTrPs. The variables pain scores, MID, and gender (women) showed a significant association with the concomitant presence of DDWR and MTrPs.

# 摘要
## 研究目的
本回顾性研究旨在评估肌筋膜触发点（myofascial trigger points，MTrPs）对可复性关节盘移位（articular disc displacement with reduction，DDWR）患者的影响，并明确哪些临床变量与可复性关节盘移位合并肌筋膜触发点的共存情况相关。

## 材料与方法
本研究纳入130例因关节疼痛就诊的患者，年龄≥18岁，性别不限，且经磁共振成像证实为可复性关节盘移位。将受试者分为两组：第1组为合并肌筋膜触发点的可复性关节盘移位患者（N=101）；第2组为不合并肌筋膜触发点的可复性关节盘移位患者（N=29）。收集受试者的性别、年龄、疼痛病程、疼痛评分及最大切牙间距离（maximal interincisal distance，MID）相关数据。采用logistic回归模型进行分析，计算比值比（odds ratios，OR），检验水准设定为p<0.05。

## 研究结果
与第2组相比，第1组患者的平均疼痛评分显著更高（p=0.007），最大切牙间距离显著更小（p=0.0268）。logistic回归分析显示，疼痛评分（OR=1.429）、最大切牙间距离（OR=0.937）及性别（女性，OR=2.810）这三个变量具有统计学意义。

## 研究结论
相较于不合并肌筋膜触发点的可复性关节盘移位患者，合并肌筋膜触发点的患者疼痛评分更高，最大切牙间距离更小。疼痛评分、最大切牙间距离及性别（女性）与可复性关节盘移位合并肌筋膜触发点的共存情况存在显著关联。