RURAL AREA SCHOOLS AND INFRASTRUCTURE: LEGAL ASPECTS, PRECARIOUSNESS AND CLOSURE

ABSTRACT: The enforcement of the right to Rural area Education for peasant communities comprises major challenges, which go through the pedagogical aspects of the infrastructure. Due to these challenges, the basic aim of this article is to present the reality of three rural schools located in Northwestern, of the State of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil. In practical terms, we analyzed the infrastructural conditions of these schools based on three analytical categories: architectural infrastructure; basic infrastructure; and equipment. The data collection process took place between 2015 and 2019, through participant observation as part of the pedagogical experiences carried out in the three schools. As the main results, we highlight the gross negligence of the public authorities on compliance with the minimum infrastructure standards of schools. Subsequently, such power uses the precariousness argument as their excuse to put into practice a criminal policy of rural schools closure. This policy is not an isolated phenomenon from the studied context. It therefore reflects the national reality.

摘要：农民社群的农村教育权保障面临诸多重大挑战，其难点贯穿于基础设施的教育教学维度。鉴于此类挑战，本文核心宗旨在于呈现巴西里约热内卢州西北部三所农村学校的真实境况。具体而言，本文基于三大分析维度对上述学校的基础设施状况展开剖析：建筑基础设施、基础配套设施与教学设备。数据采集工作于2015至2019年间完成，采用参与式观察法，依托三所学校的教育教学实践场景展开。研究主要结果显示，公共部门严重失职，未落实学校基础设施的最低合规标准。随后，相关部门以“条件简陋”为借口，推行农村学校关停的刑事化政策。该政策并非研究场景中的孤立现象，而是反映了巴西全国的普遍现状。