Data for: Effects of Dieting Associated with Combined aerobic and Resistance Training program on Body Composition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Obese Students with Metabolic Syndrome

Background: Diet and physical activity are the most commonly recommended strategies for preventing and treating metabolic syndrome (MetS). This randomized trial aims to examine the effectiveness of a weight reduction intervention based on caloric restriction, low-impact aerobics (LIA), and a resistance-training program in improving body composition, metabolic parameters and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among obese students diagnosed with MetS. Methods: In all, 23 male participants, aged 19-24 years, were randomly introduced to a dieting program (the diet group, or DG = 09) or to dieting associated with a supervised physical training program (the diet plus training group, or DTG = 14). Before and after the intervention, the participants' anthropometric measures and cardiovascular disease risk factors were assessed. Results: Following the interventions, significant improvements were noted in all anthropometric variables in all participants (p≤0.001 for all). Notable differences were observed between groups in terms of changes at WC (p ≤ 0.01), BFP (p≤ 0.05) and WHR (p≤ 0.05). All MetS components also improved in both groups, and the most significant improvements were observed among the training group in terms of fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (p ≤ 0.05), triglyceride (TG) level (p ≤ 0.001), total cholesterol (TC; p ≤ 0.01), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c; p ≤ 0.05), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c; p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: A daily caloric restriction of approximately -500 kcal could be an effective tool in combating MetS. Further, the introduction of three weekly aerobic and resistance-training sessions in a gymnasium to the caloric restriction program may deliver better outcomes, particularly in terms of reducing WC, BFP, WHR, FBG levels, TG levels, TC, LDL-c, and VLDL-c concentrations.

背景：饮食与身体活动是目前临床推荐用于预防和治疗代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome, MetS）的最常用干预策略。本随机对照试验旨在探讨以热量限制、低冲击有氧运动（low-impact aerobics, LIA）结合抗阻训练为核心的减重干预方案，对确诊为代谢综合征的肥胖大学生的身体成分、代谢指标及心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease, CVD）风险因素的改善效果。
方法：本研究共计纳入23名19~24岁的男性受试者，随机分为饮食干预组（简称DG，n=9），以及结合监督式体能训练的饮食干预组（简称DTG，n=14）。于干预前后，对受试者的人体测量学指标及心血管疾病风险因素进行评估。
结果：干预后，所有受试者的各项人体测量学指标均得到显著改善（所有指标p≤0.001）。两组受试者的指标变化在腰围（waist circumference, WC）、体脂百分比（body fat percentage, BFP）及腰臀比（waist-to-hip ratio, WHR）上存在显著组间差异（WC：p≤0.01；BFP：p≤0.05；WHR：p≤0.05）。两组受试者的代谢综合征各组分均得到改善，其中训练组的空腹血糖（fasting blood glucose, FBG）、甘油三酯（triglyceride, TG）、总胆固醇（total cholesterol, TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-c）及极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, VLDL-c）水平改善最为显著（FBG：p≤0.05；TG：p≤0.001；TC：p≤0.01；LDL-c：p≤0.05；VLDL-c：p≤0.001）。
结论：每日热量限制约500千卡可作为对抗代谢综合征的有效干预手段。此外，在热量限制方案基础上，增加每周三次于健身房开展的有氧运动与抗阻训练课程，可进一步获得更优的干预效果，尤其在降低腰围、体脂百分比、腰臀比、空腹血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度方面效果显著。