Investigating the Communication-Induced Memory Bias in the Context of Third-Party Social Interactions

In this study we used a screen-based violation of expectation (VOE) paradigm to investigate whether 9-month-old infants process qualitatively different information about novel objects when an object is introduced in a third-party joint visual attention versus an observed non-joint social interaction context. In 12 test trial videos, an object was shown together with two adults (action phase). The interpersonal sharedness between the two actors was manipulated in a way that they either look at the object together after previous mutual eye contact or they look at it individually without sharing mutual eye contact at any point. After each video, the scene was occluded before it revealed one of three different outcomes: the object infants had just seen in the action phase (no change, baseline), the object they had just seen but at a novel position (location change), or a new object (identity change). By manipulating both the third-party joint attention context and features of the object in the subsequent outcome phase, we aimed to examine whether observed communicative context biases infants to encode surface features which support learning about object kinds (i.e., object identity) over spatial-temporal information (i.e., object location).

Note: In the overall study (published in Open Mind: https://doi.org/10.1162/opmi_a_00114), we refer to this project as “Experiment 2”. This OSF project is directly linked to the OSF project " Investigating the Role of Gaze Cues on the Communication-Induced Memory Bias" (https://osf.io/t4yqj/).

本研究采用基于屏幕的预期违反范式，旨在探讨九个月大的婴儿在第三方共同视觉注意力情境下与观察到的非共同社会互动情境下，对新颖物体所处理的信息是否具有质的差异。在12个测试试验视频中，展示了物体与两位成年人一同出现（动作阶段）。通过操纵两位演员之间的互动共享性，使得他们要么在先前相互的眼神交流后共同注视物体，要么在任何时刻都不共享相互的眼神交流而单独注视。在每个视频之后，场景被遮挡，随后揭示三种不同的结果之一：婴儿在动作阶段所看到的物体（无变化，基线）、婴儿所看到的物体但处于新的位置（位置变化）或新的物体（身份变化）。通过操纵第三方共同注意力情境及后续结果阶段中物体的特征，我们旨在考察观察到的交流情境是否倾向于使婴儿编码支持学习物体种类（即物体身份）的表面特征，而非空间时间信息（即物体位置）。

注：在本整体研究（发表于《Open Mind》：https://doi.org/10.1162/opmi_a_00114）中，我们将此项目称为“实验2”。本OSF项目与OSF项目“探究眼神线索在交流引起的记忆偏差中的作用”直接相关：（https://osf.io/t4yqj/）。