Stream chemistry for Gwynns Falls at Gwynnbrook (suburban) watershed BES ID 573-

In the Baltimore urban long-term ecological research (LTER) project, (Baltimore Ecosystem Study, BES) we use the watershed approach to evaluate integrated ecosystem function. The LTER research is centered on the Gwynns Falls watershed, a 17,150 ha catchment that traverses a gradient from the urban core of Baltimore, through older urban residential (1900 - 1950) and suburban (1950- 1980) zones, rapidly suburbanizing areas and a rural/suburban fringe. Our long-term sampling network includes four longitudinal sampling sites along the Gwynns Falls as well as several small (40 - 100 ha) watersheds located within or near to the Gwynns Falls. The longitudinal sites provide data on water and nutrient fluxes in the different land use zones of the watershed (rural/suburban, rapidly suburbanizing, old suburban, urban core) and the small watersheds provide more focused data on specific land use areas (forest, agriculture, rural/suburban, urban). Each of the gaging sites is continuously monitored for discharge and is sampled weekly for chemistry. Additional chemical sampling is carried out in a supplemental set of sites to provide a greater range of land use. Weekly analyses includes nitrate, phosphate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chloride and sulfate, total suspended solids, turbidity, fecal coliforms, temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH. Cations, dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen and metals are measured on selected samples.

This dataset is for at Gwynnbrook/Delight. This site samples drainage from approximately 1,000 ha of old and new suburban and suburbanizing land use.

A detailed description of this site is posted at: http://md.water.usgs.gov/BES/ 01589197/.

Streamflow data for this site are posted at: http://waterdata.usgs.gov/md/nwis/nwisman?site_no=01589197

本研究隶属于巴尔的摩城市长期生态研究（Long-Term Ecological Research, LTER）计划——巴尔的摩生态研究（Baltimore Ecosystem Study, BES），采用流域方法开展综合生态系统功能评估。本次LTER研究以格温斯福尔斯流域（Gwynns Falls watershed）为核心研究对象，该流域面积达17150公顷，其土地利用梯度覆盖巴尔的摩城市核心区、1900-1950年建成的老旧城市居住区、1950-1980年建成的郊区、快速郊区化区域以及城乡交错带。本项目的长期采样网络包含沿格温斯福尔斯布设的4个纵向采样点，以及若干位于格温斯福尔斯流域内部或周边的小型（40-100公顷）子流域。纵向采样点可获取流域不同土地利用分区（城乡交错带、快速郊区化区域、老旧郊区、城市核心区）的水体与营养盐通量数据；小型子流域则可针对特定土地利用类型（林地、农田、城乡交错带、城市区域）提供更聚焦的观测数据。所有监测站点均对径流量进行连续监测，并每周采集水样开展化学分析；此外，项目还在补充布设的采样点中开展额外化学采样，以覆盖更多样的土地利用类型。每周常规分析指标包括硝酸盐、磷酸盐、总氮、总磷、氯化物、硫酸盐、总悬浮固体、浊度、粪大肠菌群、水温、溶解氧及pH值；针对部分选定水样，还会测定阳离子、溶解性有机碳、溶解性有机氮及金属离子含量。

本数据集对应格温布鲁克/德尔赖特（Gwynnbrook/Delight）采样点，该站点负责收集约1000公顷新旧郊区及郊区化区域的径流数据。该站点的详细描述可访问：http://md.water.usgs.gov/BES/01589197/。该站点的径流量数据可访问：http://waterdata.usgs.gov/md/nwis/nwisman?site_no=01589197。