qinmei.pep.fa

The kiwifruit (Actinidia genus) exhibits extensive polyploidy, with natural populations ranging from diploid to tetraploid, hexaploid, and even higher ploidy levels. Among these, Actinidia deliciosa (green kiwifruit) is a hexaploid species (2n=6x=174), while its close relative A. chinensis (golden kiwifruit) primarily exists as diploid (2n=2x=58) or tetraploid forms. This intricate ploidy diversity reflects a reticulate evolutionary history, likely shaped by hybridization and genome duplication events involving multiple ancestral lineages. Unraveling the origin and inheritance of the hexaploid A. deliciosa—a dominant group of kiwifruits in the global market—is critical for understanding how polyploidization has driven its evolution and for informing breeding strategies.

猕猴桃属（Actinidia）植物具有广泛的多倍体特征，其自然种群的倍性水平涵盖二倍体、四倍体、六倍体乃至更高倍性。其中，美味猕猴桃（Actinidia deliciosa，绿心猕猴桃）为六倍体物种（2n=6x=174）；其近缘物种中华猕猴桃（A. chinensis，黄心猕猴桃）主要以二倍体（2n=2x=58）或四倍体形式存在。这种复杂的倍性多样性反映了网状进化历程，其形成大概率由多祖先谱系间的杂交与基因组重复事件塑造。解析作为全球市场主导猕猴桃类群的六倍体美味猕猴桃的起源与遗传规律，对于理解多倍化如何推动其演化、指导育种策略制定均具有关键意义。