Basic and other measurements of radiation from the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) station South Pole (SPO) in the years 1994 to 2012, reference list of 226 datasets

CO2 is the strongest anthropogenic forcing agent for climate change since pre-industrial times. Like other greenhouse gases, CO2 absorbs terrestrial surface radiation and causes emission from the atmosphere to space. As the surface is generally warmer than the atmosphere, the total long-wave emission to space is commonly less than the surface emission. However, this does not hold true for the high elevated areas of central Antarctica. For this region, the emission to space is higher than the surface emission; and the greenhouse effect of CO2 is around zero or even negative, which has not been discussed so far. We investigated this in detail and show that for central Antarctica an increase in CO2 concentration leads to an increased long-wave energy loss to space, which cools the Earth-atmosphere system. These findings for central Antarctica are in contrast to the general warming effect of increasing CO2.

二氧化碳（CO₂）是自前工业时代以来，对气候变化影响最强的人为强迫因子。与其他温室气体一致，二氧化碳会吸收陆地地表辐射，并促使大气向宇宙空间发射辐射。由于地表温度通常高于大气，整体向太空的长波辐射量通常低于地表的辐射量。然而，这一规律在南极中部的高海拔区域并不适用。在该区域，向太空的辐射量反而高于地表辐射量；此时二氧化碳的温室效应近乎为零甚至为负，这一现象迄今尚未有相关研究探讨。我们针对这一现象展开了详尽研究，结果显示：在南极中部区域，二氧化碳浓度升高会导致向太空逃逸的长波能量增加，进而使地球-大气系统产生降温效应。这一针对南极中部的研究结论，与二氧化碳浓度升高通常会引发全球变暖的普遍规律相悖。