全球复合灾害数据集（1981-2020年）

该数据集基于一套复合灾害识别标准系统，从全球 121,214 条不同类型的灾害记录中识别出1981-2020 年期间的 1,614 个复合灾害，涵盖地震、风暴、山体滑坡、火山、野火和洪水六种主要灾害的14 种复合类型，同时在全球范围内首次识别出 16 个遭受复合灾害的热点区域。数据集反映了近二十年来（2001-2020年），复合灾害对孤立灾害的总体相对影响显著增强，其中社会经济发展导致了复合灾害影响模式不均衡。该数据集以ESRI Shapefile格式存储，处理方法是对多源数据库的灾害事件进行文本处理，包括地理编码、迭代训练和消除歧义，再基于聚类算法提出的ConEx方法生成复合灾害数据库。复合灾害点数据弥补了全球尺度上对复合灾害的有限研究，为评估复合风险与孤立风险的相对影响提供了新的数据来源。

This dataset is built upon a standardized compound disaster identification framework. It extracts 1,614 compound disasters occurring between 1981 and 2020 from 121,214 global disaster records of diverse types, covering 14 compound disaster categories derived from six primary disaster types: earthquake, storm, landslide, volcano, wildfire, and flood. Additionally, this dataset identifies 16 global hotspots affected by compound disasters for the first time. The dataset reveals that over the past two decades (2001–2020), the overall relative impact of compound disasters relative to individual disasters has increased significantly, with socio-economic development contributing to an uneven distribution of compound disaster impacts. Stored in ESRI Shapefile format, this dataset is generated through a processing workflow that includes text preprocessing of disaster events from multi-source databases, geocoding, iterative training and disambiguation, followed by the construction of the compound disaster database using the ConEx method proposed based on clustering algorithms. This compound disaster point dataset addresses the gap in limited global research on compound disasters, providing a new data source for assessing the relative impacts between compound risks and individual disaster risks.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集覆盖1981年至2020年全球范围，基于多源灾害数据库，通过创新的ConEx方法识别出1,614个复合灾害事件，涵盖地震、风暴等六种灾害的14种复合类型，并首次揭示了16个复合灾害热点区域。数据集采用ESRI Shapefile格式存储，数据质量较高（查准率0.87，查全率0.75），为评估复合灾害与孤立灾害的相对影响提供了重要的科学数据支撑，弥补了全球尺度上复合灾害研究的不足。