Diet-induced plasticity of life-history traits and gene expression in outbred Drosophila melanogaster population

Food is fundamental for the survival of organisms, governing growth, maintenance, and reproduction through the provision of essential macronutrients. However, access to food with optimum macronutrient composition, which will maximize the evolutionary fitness of an organism, is not always guaranteed. This leads to dietary mismatches with potential impacts on organismal performance. To understand the consequences of such dietary mismatches, we examined the effects of isocaloric diets varying in macronutrient composition on eight key organismal traits spanning across the lifespan of a large outbred Drosophila melanogaster population (n ~ 2500). Our findings reveal that carbohydrate-reduced isocaloric diets correlates to accelerated pre-adult development and boosts reproductive output without impacting pre-adult viability and body size. Conversely, an elevated dietary carbohydrate content correlated to reduced lifespan in flies, evidenced by accelerated functional senescence including compr..., , , # Diet-induced plasticity of life-history traits and gene expression in outbred Drosophila melanogaster population

There are nine worksheets in the file 'Mudunuri et al_2023_MS_data for Dryad.xlsx'

**Sheets Overview**

1. Development: Data related to the pre-adult development time presented in Figure 1.
2. Fecundity: Records of fecundity measurements under various experimental conditions and presented in Figure 2.
3. Young_activity: Activity levels of young flies (on the 12th day from egg collection) under different conditions (Figure S6).
4. Longevity: Longevity data of male and female across different diet treatments, presented in Figure 3.
5. Old_Activity: Activity levels of old male flies under varied diet conditions (presented in Figure 4A).
6. Smurf: Data pertaining to the 'Smurf' phenotype observed in old female flies (presented in Figure 4B).
7. Pre-adult viability: Pre-adult viability data of flies under experimental diet regimes (Figure S2).
8. Sex ratio: Observation...

食物是生物体生存的核心基础，通过供给必需的宏量营养素（macronutrient）调控生物体的生长、维持与繁殖过程。然而，生物体并非总能获取最优宏量营养素组成的食物——这类食物本可最大化其进化适合度。由此产生的膳食错配，会对生物体的整体性能造成潜在影响。为明晰此类膳食错配的后果，我们针对宏量营养素组成各异的等热量饮食（isocaloric diets），分析其对大种群远交黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster，样本量n≈2500）全生命周期内8项关键生物体性状的影响。研究结果表明，低糖等热量饮食可加速成虫前发育进程、提升繁殖能力，且不会对成虫前存活率与体型大小产生负面影响。反之，膳食中碳水化合物含量升高会缩短果蝇寿命，其特征体现为功能衰老加速，具体包括compr..., , , # 远交黑腹果蝇种群中饮食诱导的生活史性状与基因表达可塑性

文件"Mudunuri et al_2023_MS_data for Dryad.xlsx"中共包含9个工作表，各工作表概况如下：
1. Development（发育）：与图1展示的成虫前发育时长相关的数据。
2. Fecundity（繁殖力）：不同实验条件下繁殖力的测定记录，对应图2。
3. Young_activity（年轻果蝇活动量）：不同饮食条件下年轻果蝇（产卵后第12天）的活动水平数据，对应图S6。
4. Longevity（寿命）：不同饮食处理下雌雄果蝇的寿命数据，对应图3。
5. Old_Activity（老年雄果蝇活动量）：不同饮食条件下老年雄果蝇的活动水平数据，对应图4A。
6. Smurf（Smurf表型）：老年雌果蝇中观测到的“Smurf”表型相关数据，对应图4B。
7. Pre-adult viability（成虫前存活率）：不同实验饮食方案下果蝇的成虫前存活率数据，对应图S2。
8. Sex ratio（性比）：观测结果……