A convergência estratégica em Arranjos Produtivos Locais: uma análise sobre a cooperação entre atores em rede em duas regiões cafeeiras

Abstract: The development of new local clusters in Brazil is a very important subject in both Brazilian economic and social current scenarios. Geographical Indications (GI) arise with the objective of protecting and valuing typical products and services. These clusters that seek origin recognition need to develop aspects related to local governance and the coordination of diverse relationships and interests. The objective of this paper was to study a consolidated cluster in coffee production, the “Cerrado Mineiro” in search of strategic aspects that explain its success, and, through an action research, to reproduce the strategic categories found in the “Cerrado Mineiro” in the strategic articulation of the construction of the GI of “região Oeste da Bahia”. The results confirm the validation of the theoretical model of strategic convergence for clusters, which is defined as a series of actions and practices of interrelated social actors through a network in a cluster, which have common interests and objectives defined in the (1) organizational (structural), (2) historical and (3) actions to develop and promote a product or service. The process of convergence is not static, it is performative, it modifies the structures of governance and coordination. Understanding the dynamics of these phenomena through different strategic practices would be valuable for future studies, both in coffee and in other GIs.

摘要：巴西本土新型产业集群的发展，是当前巴西经济与社会发展语境中极具重要性的研究议题。地理标志（Geographical Indications，GI）的设立初衷，在于保护特色产品与服务并提升其价值。寻求原产地认可的产业集群，需构建与本地治理、多元关系协调及利益统筹相关的发展框架。本研究以成熟的咖啡生产产业集群——“米纳斯吉拉斯塞拉多（Cerrado Mineiro）”为研究对象，剖析其成功背后的战略维度；并通过行动研究，将“米纳斯吉拉斯塞拉多”的战略范式迁移至“巴伊亚州西部地区（região Oeste da Bahia）”地理标志的构建战略协同中。研究结果验证了产业集群战略趋同理论模型的有效性：该模型将战略趋同定义为，集群内依托网络联结的各类社会行动者，围绕三项共同利益与目标开展的一系列关联行动与实践，分别为（1）组织（结构）维度、（2）历史维度，以及（3）产品或服务的开发与推广行动。趋同过程并非静态，而是具有述行性，它会重塑治理与协调的结构体系。通过多元战略实践剖析此类现象的动态机制，对咖啡产业及其他地理标志相关的后续研究均具有重要参考价值。