In Situ Observations from the International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP) 2023, Level 1

The International Arctic Ocean Buoy Program (IABP) was established by the Polar Science Center (PSC), Applied Physics Laboratory-University of Washington, in 1978. This dataset contains data collected and collated through the U.S. Interagency Buoy Program (USIABP) as part of the IABP. The participants of the IABP work together to maintain a network of drifting buoys in the Arctic Ocean to provide meteorological and oceanographic data for real-time operational requirements and research purposes including support to the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) and the World Weather Watch (WWW) Programme. Data from the IABP have many uses, including: 1. Research in Arctic climate and climate change, 2. Forecasting weather and ice conditions, 3. Validation of satellites, 4. Forcing, validation and assimilation into numerical climate models, and tracking the source and fate of samples taken from the ice. Over 1000 publications have benefited from observations from the IABP. The U.S. contributions to the IABP are coordinated through the U.S. Interagency Buoy Program (USIABP), which is managed by the U.S. National/Naval Ice Center, and the Polar Science Center, and represent several U.S. agencies. The data collected by the USIABP are made available on the IABP website (https://iabp.apl.uw.edu) in various useful formats, including near real time distribution of raw data, in addition to the LEVEL 1 data product provided here. This dataset contains the following variables from the drifting buoys: Latitude, Longitude, the time delay of the position report in minutes (Delay(Min)), Barometric Pressure Tendency (BPT),Barometric Pressure (BP), Surface Temperature (Ts), Air Temperature (Ta), Hull Temperature (Th), and Battery Voltage (Batt). Each file contains one years worth of data from all buoys reporting during that year. This is level 1 data, meaning that the data has been quality controlled for errors in position, range checks, and consistency with neighboring observations as per Guidelines provided by the WMO/IOC Data Buoy Cooperation The USIABP is supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Arctic Observing Network (AON) Grant # 1951762, and significant contributions from many other US agencies including Office of Naval Research Grant # N00014-20-1-2207, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Grant # NA20OAR4320271, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant # 80NSSC21K1148, Coast Guard, Department of Energy, and North Slope Borough Search and Rescue.

国际北极浮标计划（International Arctic Ocean Buoy Program，简称IABP）由华盛顿大学应用物理实验室极地科学中心（Polar Science Center，简称PSC）于1978年创立。本数据集包含作为IABP组成部分、由美国跨部门浮标计划（U.S. Interagency Buoy Program，简称USIABP）收集整理的数据。IABP的参与方携手维护北冰洋漂移浮标网络，为实时业务需求及研究工作提供气象与海洋学数据，其中包括对世界气候研究计划（World Climate Research Programme，简称WCRP）和世界天气监视网计划（World Weather Watch Programme，简称WWW）的支持。IABP的数据拥有诸多应用场景，具体包括：1. 北极气候与气候变化研究；2. 天气及海冰状况预报；3. 卫星数据验证；4. 数值气候模式的强迫、验证与数据同化，以及冰源样本的来源与归宿追踪。已有超过1000篇学术文献得益于IABP的观测数据。美国对IABP的贡献由美国跨部门浮标计划（USIABP）统筹协调，该计划由美国国家/海军冰中心与极地科学中心共同管理，代表了美国多个机构的参与。USIABP收集的数据可通过IABP官网（https://iabp.apl.uw.edu）以多种实用格式获取，除本数据集提供的LEVEL 1数据产品外，还包括原始数据的近实时分发服务。本数据集包含漂移浮标采集的以下变量：纬度（Latitude）、经度（Longitude）、位置报告时延（分钟，Delay(Min)）、气压倾向（Barometric Pressure Tendency，简称BPT）、气压（Barometric Pressure，简称BP）、海表温度（Surface Temperature，简称Ts）、气温（Air Temperature，简称Ta）、船体温度（Hull Temperature，简称Th）以及电池电压（Battery Voltage，简称Batt）。每个文件包含对应年份内所有上报浮标的全年数据。本数据集为一级数据，即依据世界气象组织（World Meteorological Organization，简称WMO）/政府间海洋学委员会（Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission，简称IOC）浮标合作指南，对数据进行了位置误差排查、范围校验以及与邻近观测的一致性质控处理。USIABP由美国国家科学基金会（National Science Foundation，简称NSF）北极观测网（Arctic Observing Network，简称AON）项目编号1951762资助，并获得美国多个其他机构的重要支持，包括海军研究办公室项目编号N00014-20-1-2207、美国国家海洋和大气管理局项目编号NA20OAR4320271、美国国家航空航天局项目编号80NSSC21K1148，以及美国海岸警卫队、能源部和北坡自治市搜救部门。