Polarisation in Germany (October 2019 - February 2020)

The study on polarization in Germany was conducted by infratest dimap on behalf of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. In the survey period from 09.10.2019 to 27.02.2020, eligible voters aged 18 and over were surveyed in telephone interviews (CATI) on the following topics: In addition to questions on party loyalty, party skills, ideological dispositions and satisfaction with democracy, the questionnaire included instruments on subgroup discrimination, the preferred mode of conducting political conflicts, news sources and opinion representation in public broadcasting. The respondents were selected using a stratified random sample including landline and mobile phone numbers (dual-frame sample).<br>Life satisfaction; agreement with statements (When I encounter difficulties in life, I often doubt my abilities, what you achieve in life is primarily a question of fate or luck); party preference (Sunday question); alternative voting intention; voting behavior in the last 5 years; likelihood of voting; liking/disliking parties; left-right scale; position issues taxes and duties, immigration, climate change; agreement with the statement: Having a job is all very well, but what most women really want is a home and children; party competence in various areas (environmental and climate policy, refugee and asylum policy, social policy, housing and rent policy, policy that gives the region in which they live a perspective, policy that secures the prosperity they have personally achieved); satisfaction with democracy; fair share in society of different groups of people (East Germans, West Germans, people from the countryside, men, women, foreigners, refugees); attention paid to the aforementioned groups of people by politicians; groups of people with whom one wants nothing to do (AfD voters, Green voters, CDU voters, homosexuals, refugees, dog owners, Catholics, climate activists, vegans, SUV drivers, hunters); own fair share compared to how others live in Germany; perceived disparagement (feeling marginalized with my views, my way of life is looked down upon by others, people with my background are not well regarded in Germany, I feel like a second-class citizen); credible media with regard to political events; credibility of political news in public media such as ARD and ZDF; feeling of own opinion representation in the public media; conspiracy theories: Evaluation of various claims as true or false (climate is changing more due to human influence, Russian secret service is killing people in other countries, measles vaccination is more dangerous than the disease itself, there are secret powers controlling the world); specific mention of secret powers controlling the world; confidence about the future; level of worry about the future; Perceived polarization (In today´s society, people are irreconcilable towards each other, recently I´ve been avoiding conversations on political topics because then there´s only arguments, I´ve broken off contact with certain people because of their political views, in the past you could discuss political topics more openly); accessibility of shopping facilities and of the family doctor; assessment of the region´s economic situation; expected economic development of the region; always lived in this region, previously lived in another region and then moved here or left the region in the meantime but moved here again); preferred mode of resolving political conflicts in the policy areas of environmental and climate policy, immigration policy, social policy and politics in general: compromises vs. sticking to positions and enforcing them.

Demography: sex; age; age in age groups; household size; number of people in the household under the age of 14, rather climber, on the same level or descender in comparison with the parents (social mobility); employment; unemployment longer than 6 months; job security; denomination or religious community; frequency of attending religious services; highest level of education; personal migration background or parents´ migration background; assessment of household income; financial consequences of a major purchase (no problem or major challenge).

Additionally coded were: Interview number; interview date; interviews per calendar week; region: federal state; political municipality size; weighting factor.

德国极化现象研究由infratest dimap受康拉德·阿登纳基金会（Konrad Adenauer Foundation）委托开展。本次调查周期为2019年10月9日至2020年2月27日，针对18岁及以上符合条件的选民采用电话访谈（CATI，计算机辅助电话访谈）进行调研。问卷内容除涉及政党忠诚度、政党履职能力、意识形态倾向与民主满意度等问题外，还涵盖了亚群体歧视、政治冲突偏好处理方式、新闻来源以及公共广播中的舆论代表等相关议题。受访者通过分层随机抽样方法选取，抽样框架包含固定电话与移动电话号码（双框架样本）。

本次调研还涉及以下维度：生活满意度；对特定表述的认同度（如"当我在生活中遇到困难时，我常会质疑自身能力""人生所得主要取决于命运或运气"）；政党偏好（周日问题，Sunday question）；备选投票意向；近5年投票行为；投票可能性；政党好恶度；左右翼立场量表；税收关税、移民、气候变化等议题的立场；对"拥有一份工作固然不错，但大多数女性真正想要的是家庭和孩子"这一表述的认同度；各领域政党履职能力（包括环境与气候政策、难民与庇护政策、社会政策、住房与租金政策、为所在地区赋予发展前景的政策、保障个人已获得的繁荣成果的政策）；民主满意度；不同群体在社会中应获得的公平份额（包括东德民众、西德民众、农村居民、男性、女性、外籍人士、难民）；政治家对上述群体的关注度；不愿与之产生任何交集的群体（包括德国选择党（AfD）选民、绿党（Green）选民、基督教民主联盟（CDU）选民、同性恋者、难民、养犬人士、天主教徒、气候活动人士、纯素主义者、SUV车主、猎人）；自身相较于德国其他民众的公平份额感知；被贬低感（如"我的观点被边缘化""我的生活方式遭他人轻视""拥有我这类背景的人在德国不受待见""我感觉自己是二等公民"）；政治事件相关的可信媒体；公共媒体（如德国公共广播联盟（ARD）、德国电视二台（ZDF））中政治新闻的可信度；自身观点在公共媒体中得到代表的感受；阴谋论：对各类主张的真伪评估（如"气候变化更多是由人类活动导致的""俄罗斯情报部门在他国境内杀人""麻疹疫苗比麻疹本身更危险""存在秘密势力掌控世界"）；明确提及"秘密势力掌控世界"的表述；对未来的信心；对未来的担忧程度；感知到的极化现象（如"当今社会人们之间存在不可调和的分歧""近来我刻意回避政治话题的交谈，因为最终只会引发争论""我曾因某些人的政治观点与其断绝联系""过去人们可以更开放地讨论政治话题"）；购物设施与家庭医生的可及性；所在地区经济状况评估；所在地区预期经济发展情况；是否始终居住在本地区、此前居住于其他地区后迁至本地区，或曾离开本地区后再次迁回；环境与气候政策、移民政策、社会政策及总体政治领域的政治冲突解决偏好：妥协还是坚守立场并强制推行。

人口统计学变量包括：性别、年龄、年龄分组、家庭规模、家庭内14岁以下人口数量、与父母相比的社会流动情况（阶层上升、持平或下降，社会流动性）、就业状况、失业时长超过6个月的情况、工作稳定性、宗教教派或宗教团体、宗教仪式出席频率、最高学历、个人移民背景或父母移民背景、家庭收入评估、大额购买的财务负担情况（无压力或重大挑战）。

此外还编码了以下信息：访谈编号、访谈日期、每周访谈次数、所属地区（联邦州）、市政辖区规模、加权因子。