SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF IRRIGATED COMMON BEAN YIELD CORRELATED WITH THE FERTILITY OF A SANDY SOIL

ABSTRACT The common bean is widely cultivated in Brazil. In the 2016–2017 growing season, an experiment was carried out in a Typic Quartzipsamment (or Neossolo Quartzarênico) soil in the municipality of Cassilândia, MS, Brazil, with the aim of characterizing specific aspects of soil management, using a linear and spatial correlation between the irrigated yield of common beans and the chemical properties of the soil. Soil samples were collected from layers at depths 0.00–0.10 and 0.10–0.20 m, within a grid of 117 georeferenced points. A data analysis was carried out using statistical and geostatistical techniques. A multiple regression analysis showed that about 31% of the grain yield variability of the irrigated common bean crop could be attributed to the spatial variability in the chemical properties of the soil. These properties have a spatial dependence that is classified as moderate and strong, with a predominantly Gaussian-type semivariogram model. Soil properties such as pH(1), pH(2), S(2) and V%(2) can be considered potential indicators of the grain yield of an irrigated common bean crop when cultivated in a sandy soil under a no-tillage system.

摘要 普通菜豆（common bean）在巴西广泛种植。2016—2017年生长季，研究于巴西南马托格罗索州卡西里兰迪亚市的典型石英砂质新成土（Typic Quartzipsamment，亦称Neossolo Quartzarênico）中开展试验，旨在通过分析灌溉条件下普通菜豆产量与土壤化学性质间的线性及空间相关性，探究土壤管理的特定特征。研究以117个地理参考点组成的网格为采样范围，分别在0.00~0.10 m和0.10~0.20 m两层土壤中采集样品。采用统计学与地统计学方法开展数据分析。多元回归分析结果显示，灌溉普通菜豆的籽粒产量变异中约31%可归因于土壤化学性质的空间变异。上述土壤性质呈现中等至强烈的空间依赖性，其半方差函数模型以高斯型为主。pH(1)、pH(2)、S(2)及V%(2)等土壤性质，可作为免耕体系下沙质土壤种植灌溉普通菜豆时籽粒产量的潜在指示指标。