Wolbachia regulates midgut homeostasis and shapes microbiota composition and function in Aedes albopictus

Wolbachia is an intracellular bacterium that resides within many insects, including Aedes albopictus, one of the most invasive mosquito species globally and a known vector of Dengue virus (DENV). This bacterium is recognized for its influence on mosquito reproduction, lifespan, and ability to transmit diseases. In our study, we unveil a critical role for Wolbachia in maintaining mosquito midgut health, demonstrating the endosymbiont's involvement in regulating cell division and death to preserve gut integrity. This regulatory function is crucial for the mosquito's recovery from the stress of blood feeding and occurs independently of Dengue virus infection. Furthermore, our research highlights Wolbachia's control over gene expression and its ability to shape the composition and function of the gut microbiota, supporting overall gut homeostasis. These insights emphasize the significance of mosquito-microbe symbioses and present new avenues for disrupting disease transmission, potentially improving public health strategies