Figures - Product and process patents by technologies

Plots of product, process, and mixed patents by technologies.
Technologies are defined in the following ways:
1. by using a mapping between technology fields and the International Patent Classification (IPC) (see Schmoch, 2008),
2. by using a classification of breakthrough technologies from the World International Patent Office,
3. by using selected IPC 4-digit and 3-digit codes

The file names can be read and understood in the following way:

"product_process_patents_abstr_us_Chemical engineering"
-> displayed are shares of product, process-use, and mixed patents based on the classification of abstracts of USPTO patent filings in chemical engineering
"product_process_use_patents_2_ind_100_ep_antibiotics"
-> displayed are shares of product, process, use, and mixed patents based on the classification of the first 2 keywords of independent claim texts of EPO patent filings in antibiotics

A detailed data description can be found in the study on the EPO's homepage (title of the study: "Knowledge spillovers from product and process inventions and their impact on firm performance"): https://www.epo.org/learning-events/materials/academic-research-programme/research-project-grants.html Funding by the "European Office Academic Research Programme" is gratefully ackknowledged.

本数据集涵盖按技术类别划分的产品专利、工艺专利与混合专利的分布图集。技术类别的定义方式如下：
1. 基于技术领域与国际专利分类法（International Patent Classification, IPC）的映射关系（参见Schmoch, 2008）；
2. 采用世界国际专利局（World International Patent Office）发布的突破性技术分类体系；
3. 采用选定的IPC 4位与3位分类编码。

文件名的解读规则如下：
1. 示例："product_process_patents_abstr_us_Chemical engineering"，该文件展示基于美国专利商标局（United States Patent and Trademark Office, USPTO）化学工程领域专利申请摘要分类得到的产品专利、工艺应用专利与混合专利的占比情况。
2. 示例："product_process_use_patents_2_ind_100_ep_antibiotics"，该文件展示基于欧洲专利局（European Patent Office, EPO）抗生素领域专利申请独立权利要求文本前2个关键词分类得到的产品专利、工艺专利、应用专利与混合专利的占比情况。

详细的数据说明可参阅欧洲专利局官网发布的研究报告（报告标题：《产品与工艺发明的知识溢出及其对企业绩效的影响》），访问链接：https://www.epo.org/learning-events/materials/academic-research-programme/research-project-grants.html。本研究获“欧洲专利局学术研究计划”资助，在此谨致谢忱。