Ephydridae: Shore Flies of Hawai'i II

This cosmopolitan family of flies are very small, ranging from 0.9 to 7.0 mm in size. Morphologically, they are gray or black with patterned wings. As their common name implies, Ephydridae flies are aquatic or semi-aquatic, inhabiting a variety of wetland and seashore habitats, including alkaline lakes, salt and petroleum pools, hot springs and marshes. These ecologically diverse flies frequent coastlines and aquatic vegetation. Many larvae feed on aquatic plants and algae, while some are predatory (i.e. Trimerina genus). Due to this feeding behavior, some phytophagous species can cause damage to agricultural crops. On the other hand, some larvae and adults serve as an important food source for other animals, such as migratory birds. As adults, they exhibit similar feeding habits, feeding on algae, plants and bacteria. In Hawai'i, a majority of our native ephydrids are of the genus Scatella. This genus is widespread throughout the Pacific basin (Western Samoa, French Polynesia, Australia, New Zealand, Easter Island, and Hawai'i) and encompasses 135 species, 17 of which are Hawaiian and 15 that are endemic.  Please help transcribe the UHIM's shore flies collection in order to better help us understand their distribution and impact in Hawai'i.This expedition of 609 tasks is fully transcribed and validated.

该广布性蝇科体型微小，体长介于0.9至7.0毫米之间。形态学上，其体色多呈灰或黑色，翅膀具斑纹。正如其俗名所示，水蝇科（Ephydridae）多为水生或半水生类群，栖息于各类湿地与海岸生境，涵盖碱性湖泊、盐池与石油池、温泉及沼泽。这类生态多样的蝇类常活动于海岸线与水生植被区域。多数幼虫以水生植物及藻类为食，部分类群为捕食性，例如Trimerina属。鉴于此类取食习性，部分植食性物种可对农作物造成危害。另一方面，部分幼虫与成虫可作为候鸟等动物的重要食物来源。成虫亦具有相似的取食习性，以藻类、植物及细菌为食。在夏威夷，本土水蝇科物种的多数类群隶属于粪眼水蝇属（Scatella）。该属广泛分布于太平洋盆地（包括西萨摩亚、法属波利尼西亚、澳大利亚、新西兰、复活节岛及夏威夷），共包含135个物种，其中17种分布于夏威夷，15种为夏威夷特有种。请协助转录UHIM的海岸蝇类馆藏，以助力我们更好地明晰此类昆虫在夏威夷的分布状况与生态影响。本次包含609项任务的科考项目已完成全部转录与验证工作。