Aqueous wheat extract (Triticuma estivum) prevents carboplatin-induced myelosuppression and oxidative stress in Wistar rats

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to evaluate the use of aqueous wheat extracts as an adjunct to antineoplastic therapy with carboplatin. In this study, 32 rats were used which were randomly distributed into 4 groups: G1 - negative control; G2 - control treated with physiological solution; G3 - animals treated with aqueous extract of wheat in the concentration of 100mg/kg; G4 - animals treated with aqueous wheat extract at the concentration of 400mg/kg; 300mg/m² of carboplatin was administered intraperitoneally at day 0 in animals from groups G2, G3, and G4, whereas 1ml of physiological solution was administered by the same route in animals from group G1. Animals were treated daily for 21 days by orogastric gavage according to their respective experimental group. Blood was collected from animals on days 3, 7 and 21 for complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry, and measurement of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity. On day 21, animals were euthanized and necropsied. Promising results were obtained regarding oxidative balance in groups G3 and G4. Both presented better PON1 activity in comparison with group G2 (P<0.05). Total leukocyte count of group G4 differed significantly from group G2 (P<0.05) on day 21. Myelogram values of animals from groups G3 and G4 were similar to those from G1; animals from G3 had lower numbers of promyelocytes and increased numbers of erythrocytes and rubriblasts than animals from G2 (P<0.05). In the present experimental study, aqueous wheat extract was safe at the doses used in the animals, and was an effective treatment for myelosuppression and for the prevention of an excessive release of free radicals induced by carboplatin.

摘要：本研究旨在评估小麦水提物作为卡铂抗肿瘤治疗辅助手段的应用效果。本研究共纳入32只大鼠，将其随机分为4组：G1为阴性对照组；G2为生理盐水对照组；G3为给予100mg/kg小麦水提物组；G4为给予400mg/kg小麦水提物组。G2、G3、G4组大鼠于第0天腹腔注射300mg/m²卡铂，G1组大鼠则以相同途径注射1ml生理盐水。各组大鼠每日按照分组方案经口灌胃给药，连续给药21天。分别于第3、7、21天采集大鼠血液，用于全血细胞计数（complete blood count, CBC）、生化检测及对氧磷酶1（paraoxonase 1, PON1）活性测定。于第21天对大鼠实施安乐死并进行剖检。G3、G4组在氧化平衡指标上取得了积极的实验结果：与G2组相比，两组的PON1活性均显著升高（P<0.05）。第21天时，G4组的白细胞总数与G2组相比差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。G3、G4组大鼠的骨髓象结果与G1组相似；与G2组相比，G3组的早幼粒细胞数量更低，而红细胞和原红细胞数量更高（P<0.05）。本实验研究表明，本研究所使用剂量的小麦水提物安全性良好，可有效缓解卡铂诱导的骨髓抑制，并能预防卡铂诱导的过量自由基释放。