Opportunistic pathogen that causes pulmonary infection in patients with secondary lymphoma

The lung is a predominant site for opportunistic infections. The risk of such infections is determined by the extent of pathogen exposure, host immunological competence and specific pathogen-host interaction mechanisms. Among patients with hematological malignancies, pulmonary opportunistic infections deteriorate rapidly and evolve into respiratory failure. In the cases presented herein, infection was initially suspected based on sputum culture and mNGS of BALF, which revealed multiple opportunistic pathogens.