Carbon reduction opportunities for supermarkets.

Refrigeration is the largest load in a supermarket, accounting for 50-60% of the electricity consumption. Supermarket refrigeration systems also generate greenhouse gas emissions directly through refrigerant leakage. Technologies that can save direct and indirect emissions in a typical baseline UK supermarket were examined and the application timescales and cost per tonne of CO2 abated were calculated using a model of the supermarket. Using the model, the technologies that could save the most carbon were identified. The work examined 81 different technologies and their potential to save direct and indirect emissions in supermarkets. Results from the work have shown that most technologies either save CO2e emissions from reduction in energy or from reduction in refrigerant leakage only a few technologies demonstrated savings from both.

制冷系统是超市的最大用电负载，占总耗电量的50%~60%。超市制冷系统还会通过制冷剂泄漏直接产生温室气体排放。本研究针对英国典型基准超市中可削减直接与间接温室气体排放的各类技术展开调研，并借助超市能耗模型测算各项技术的应用时间跨度与每吨二氧化碳减排成本。通过该模型，研究明确了碳减排效果最佳的技术方案。本次研究共覆盖81项不同技术，并评估了各项技术在超市场景下削减直接与间接温室气体排放的潜力。研究结果显示，绝大多数技术仅能通过降低能耗或减少制冷剂泄漏实现二氧化碳当量（CO2e）减排，仅有少数技术可同时通过两种途径实现减排效益。