Dry matter yield and common bean nutrient content submitted to glyphosate drift in two soil classes

Glyphosate is the main herbicide used worldwide and is recommended for the control of weeds in various crops. In spraying with winds of 2 m s - 1, glyphosate drift can reach up to 160 m beyond the target site, which is considered as harmful to the neighboring crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dry matter and nutrient content of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Pérola subjected to glyphosate drift. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ using the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Pérola, on a Quartzipsamment and a Paleudalf Tb . The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme with four replications, with the first factor comprising the subdoses of 0 , 14.4, 43.2 and 86.4 g ha - 1 acid equivalent (e.a) of glyphosate in the form of ammonium salt applied 25 days after sowing (V4 stage) and the second factor consisting of the two soils. Glyphosate drift reduced dry mass of branches and shoots at 20 days after application (DAA), the content of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S ) at 10 DAA and N, P, Ca and Mg at 20 DAA of common bean cv. Pearl.

草甘膦（Glyphosate）是全球应用最为广泛的除草剂，被推荐用于多种作物田的杂草防控。当喷施作业时风速达2 m·s⁻¹时，草甘膦的飘移距离最远可覆盖靶标区域外160米，该飘移剂量被认为会对邻近作物造成危害。本研究旨在评估受草甘膦飘移影响的菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）品种‘珍珠’的干物质积累量与养分含量。试验于北弗鲁米嫩塞州达西·里贝罗大学（State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF）位于巴西里约热内卢州坎波斯多斯戈亚卡泽斯（Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ）的温室中开展，供试作物为菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）品种‘珍珠’，供试土壤为石英砂质新成土（Quartzipsamment）与湿润老成土（Paleudalf Tb）。试验采用随机区组设计，设置4×2析因因子组合，共4次重复。第一因子为草甘膦铵盐剂型的亚剂量：0、14.4、43.2、86.4 g·ha⁻¹ 酸当量（acid equivalent, e.a.），于播种后25天（V4生育期）喷施；第二因子为两种供试土壤。结果表明，草甘膦飘移会降低菜豆‘珍珠’施药后20天的枝条与地上部干物质积累量；施药后10天（施药后天数，days after application, DAA），植株的氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）、镁（Mg）、硫（S）含量显著下降；施药后20 DAA，植株的氮（N）、磷（P）、钙（Ca）、镁（Mg）含量显著降低。