Prognostic signature based on mitochondria- and angiogenesis-related genes associated with immune microenvironment of multiple myeloma

Mitochondria and angiogenesis play key roles in multiple myeloma (MM) development, but their interrelated genes affecting MM prognosis are under-studied. We analyzed TCGA_MMRF and GSE4581 datasets to identify four genes – CCNB1, CDC25C, HSP90AA1, and PARP1 – that significantly correlate with MM prognosis, with high expression indicating poor outcomes. A prognostic signature based on these genes stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups, with the latter showing better survival. The signature was validated as an independent prognostic factor. Biological function analysis revealed differences in cell cycle processes between risk groups, and immune microenvironment analysis showed distinct immune cell infiltration patterns. This mitochondria- and angiogenesis-related prognostic signature could enhance MM prognosis assessment and offer new therapeutic insights.

线粒体（Mitochondria）与血管生成（Angiogenesis）在多发性骨髓瘤（Multiple Myeloma, MM）的发生发展中发挥关键调控作用，但二者关联的、影响MM预后的相关基因仍未得到充分研究。本研究通过分析TCGA_MMRF与GSE4581数据集，筛选出CCNB1、CDC25C、HSP90AA1及PARP1四个与MM预后显著相关的基因，上述基因的高表达均提示患者预后不良。基于该四个基因构建的预后特征可将患者分为高风险组与低风险组，其中低风险组患者的生存预后更佳。该预后特征被验证为一项独立预后因素。生物学功能分析显示，不同风险组间的细胞周期进程存在显著差异；免疫微环境分析则揭示了两组间截然不同的免疫细胞浸润模式。这一与线粒体及血管生成相关的预后特征，可优化MM的预后评估体系，并为其治疗提供全新的研究思路。