Compatibility of tomato cultivar Santa Cruz Kada grafted on different Solanaceae species and control of bacterial wilt

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the compatibility, gas exchange and yield of tomato cultivar Santa Cruz Kada, susceptible to bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) when grafted on different Solanaceae species. Rootstock sources were the mini-tomato RVTC-66, Cayenne pepper, Jerusalem cherry (Solanum pseudocapsicum), sticky nightshade (Solanum sisymbriifolium), and cultivar Santa Cruz Kada itself (self-grafting). Two materials were tested to promote the union between rootstocks and scions: grafting clips and biodegradable tape (Parafilm). Grafting success index (GSI) was evaluated and, for treatments using biodegradable tape, grafting incompatibility, gas exchange, agronomic characteristics and bacterial wilt epidemiology were assessed throughout the cycle. The use of biodegradable tape favored graft healing. Cayenne pepper, Jerusalem cherry, and sticky nightshade should not be employed as rootstocks for scions of tomato cultivar Santa Cruz Kada. The mini-tomato accession RVTC-66 showed low graft incompatibility, high photosynthetic efficiency and, when compared to self-grafting, the same fruit production, but with higher plant health index concerning the bacterial wilt.

摘要 本研究旨在评估易感染青枯病（Ralstonia solanacearum）的番茄栽培种圣克鲁斯·卡达（Santa Cruz Kada）嫁接到不同茄科（Solanaceae）物种上后的嫁接兼容性、气体交换特性与产量表现。试验所用砧木材料包括微型番茄种质RVTC-66、卡宴辣椒、冬珊瑚（Solanum pseudocapsicum）、粘毛龙葵（Solanum sisymbriifolium）以及番茄栽培种圣克鲁斯·卡达自身（自嫁接组）。本研究选用两种材料辅助砧木与接穗的接合：嫁接夹与可降解嫁接膜（Parafilm）。研究首先评估了嫁接成活率指数（Grafting Success Index, GSI）；对于使用可降解嫁接膜的处理组，本研究全程监测了嫁接不亲和性、气体交换特性、农艺性状以及青枯病流行学特征。可降解嫁接膜的使用有利于嫁接伤口的愈合。卡宴辣椒、冬珊瑚与粘毛龙葵不宜作为番茄栽培种圣克鲁斯·卡达接穗的砧木材料。微型番茄种质RVTC-66表现出较低的嫁接不亲和性与较高的光合效率，且与自嫁接组相比，其果实产量相当，但针对青枯病的植株健康指数更高。