Fluoride release and uptake in enhanced bioactivity glass ionomer cement (“glass carbomer™”) compared with conventional and resin-modified glass ionomer cements

Abstract Objectives To study the fluoride uptake and release properties of glass carbomer dental cements and compare them with those of conventional and resin-modified glass ionomers. Materials and Methods Three materials were used, as follows: glass carbomer (Glass Fill), conventional glass ionomer (Chemfil Rock) and resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC). For all materials, specimens (sets of six) were matured at room temperature for time intervals of 10 minutes, 1 hour and 6 weeks, then exposed to either deionized water or sodium fluoride solution (1000 ppm in fluoride) for 24 hours. Following this, all specimens were placed in deionized water for additional 24 hours and fluoride release was measured. Results Storage in water led to increase in mass in all cases due to water uptake, with uptake varying with maturing time and material type. Storage in aqueous NaF led to variable results. Glass carbomer showed mass losses at all maturing times, whereas the conventional glass ionomer gained mass for some maturing times, and the resin-modified glass ionomer gained mass for all maturing times. All materials released fluoride into deionized water, with glass carbomer showing the highest release. For both types of glass ionomer, uptake of fluoride led to enhanced fluoride release into deionized water. In contrast, uptake by glass carbomer did not lead to increased fluoride release, although it was substantially higher than the uptake by both types of glass ionomer. Conclusions Glass carbomer resembles glass ionomer cements in its fluoride uptake behavior but differs when considering that its fluoride uptake does not lead to increased fluoride release.

摘要 研究目的：探讨玻璃碳聚合物牙科水门汀（glass carbomer dental cements）的氟摄取与释放特性，并将其与传统玻璃离子水门汀及树脂改良型玻璃离子水门汀进行对比。
材料与方法：本研究选用三种材料，分别为玻璃碳聚合物（Glass Fill）、传统玻璃离子水门汀（Chemfil Rock）以及树脂改良型玻璃离子水门汀（Fuji II LC）。针对所有材料，制备每组6个的试样，于室温下分别养护10分钟、1小时及6周，随后将试样分别置于去离子水或含1000ppm氟的氟化钠溶液中浸泡24小时。完成上述步骤后，将所有试样转移至去离子水中继续浸泡24小时，随后检测氟释放量。
结果：所有试样在水中储存时均因水分摄取出现质量增加，且水分摄取量随养护时长及材料类型有所差异。在氟化钠水溶液中储存的实验结果则存在波动。玻璃碳聚合物在所有养护时长下均出现质量损失，而传统玻璃离子水门汀仅在部分养护时长下出现质量增加，树脂改良型玻璃离子水门汀在所有养护时长下均出现质量增加。所有材料均可向去离子水中释放氟，其中玻璃碳聚合物的氟释放量最高。对于两种玻璃离子水门汀而言，氟摄取可增强其向去离子水中的氟释放能力；与之相反，玻璃碳聚合物的氟摄取并未提升其氟释放量，尽管其氟摄取量显著高于两种玻璃离子水门汀。
结论：玻璃碳聚合物的氟摄取行为与玻璃离子水门汀类水门汀相似，但在氟摄取未促进氟释放这一特性上存在差异。