National Agricultural Sample Census Pilot (Private Farmer) Livestock and Poultry 2007 - Nigeria

Abstract
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The programme for the World Census of Agriculture 2000 is the eighth in the series for promoting a global approach to agricultural census taking. The first and second programmes were sponsored by the International Institute for Agriculture (IITA) in 1930 and 1940. Subsequent ones up to 1990 were promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO). FAO recommends that each country should conduct at least one agricultural census in each census programme decade and its programme for the World Census of Agriculture 2000 for instance corresponds to agricultural census to be undertaken during the decade 1996 to 2005. Many countries do not have sufficient resources for conducting an agricultural census. It therefore became an acceptable practice since 1960 to conduct agricultural census on sample basis for those countries lacking the resources required for a complete enumeration.

In Nigeria's case, a combination of complete enumeration and sample enumeration is adopted whereby the rural (peasant) holdings are covered on sample basis while the modern holdings are covered on complete enumeration. The project named “National Agricultural Sample Census” derives from this practice. Nigeria through the National Agricultural Sample Census (NASC) participated in the 1970's, 1980's, 1990's programmes of the World Census of Agriculture. Nigeria failed to conduct the Agricultural Census in 2003/2004 because of lack of funding. The NBS regular annual agriculture surveys since 1996 had been epileptic and many years of backlog of data set are still unprocessed. The baseline agricultural data is yet to be updated while the annual regular surveys suffered set back. There is an urgent need by the governments (Federal, State, LGA), sector agencies, FAO and other International Organizations to come together to undertake the agricultural census exercise which is long overdue. The conduct of 2006/2008 National Agricultural Sample Census Survey is now on course with the pilot exercise carried out in the third quarter of 2007.

The National Agricultural Sample Census (NASC) 2006/08 is imperative to the strengthening of the weak agricultural data in Nigeria. The project is phased into three sub-projects for ease of implementation; the Pilot Survey, Modern Agricultural Holding and the Main Census. It commenced in the third quarter of 2006 and to terminate in the first quarter of 2008. The pilot survey was implemented collaboratively by National Bureau of Statistics.

The main objective of the pilot survey was to test the adequacy of the survey instruments, equipments and administration of questionnaires, data processing arrangement and report writing. The pilot survey conducted in July 2007 covered the two NBS survey system-the National Integrated Survey of Households (NISH) and National Integrated Survey of Establishment (NISE). The survey instruments were designed to be applied using the two survey systems while the use of Geographic Positioning System (GPS) was introduced as additional new tool for implementing the project.

The Stakeholders workshop held at Kaduna on 21st-23rd May 2007 was one of the initial bench marks for the take off of the pilot survey. The pilot survey implementation started with the first level training (training of trainers) at the NBS headquarters between 13th - 15th June 2007. The second level training for all levels of field personnels was implemented at headquarters of the twelve (12) concerned states between 2nd - 6th July 2007. The field work of the pilot survey commenced on the 9th July and ended on the 13th of July 07. The IMPS and SPSS were the statistical packages used to develop the data entry programme.

Geographic coverage
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State

Analysis unit
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Households who are rearing livestock or kept poultry

Universe
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Livestock or poultry household

Kind of data
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Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure
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The survey was carried out in 12 states falling under 6 geo-political zones.
2 states were covered in each geo-political zone.
2 local government areas per selected state were studied.
2 Rural enumeration areas per local government area were covered and
3 Livestock/poultry farming housing units were systematically selected and canvassed.

Sampling deviation
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No Deviation

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The NASC livestock and poultry questionnaire was divided into the following sections:
- Identification/description of holdings
- Funds, employment and earnings/wages
- Livestock
- Poultry
- Fixed assets
- Sales
- Stock
- Subsidy

Cleaning operations
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The data processing and analysis plan involved five main stages: training of data processing staff; manual editing and coding; development of data entry programme; data entry and editing and tabulation.
Census and Surveys Processing System (CSPro) software were used for data entry, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and CSPro for editing and a combination of SPSS, Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) and EXCEL for table generation.
The subject-matter specialists and computer personnel from the NBS and CBN implemented the data processing work. Tabulation Plans were equally developed by these officers for their areas and topics covered in the three-survey system used for the exercise.
The data editing is in 2 phases namely manual editing before the data entry were done. This involved using editors at the various zones to manually edit and ensure consistency in the information on the questionnaire. The second editing is the computer editing, this is the cleaning of the already enterd data.
The completed questionnaires were collected and edited manually
(a) Office editing and coding were done by the editor using visual control of the questionnaire before data entry
(b) Cspro was used to design the data entry template provided as external resource
(c) Ten operator plus two suppervissor and two progammer were used
(d) Ten machines were used for data entry
(e) After data entry data entry supervisor runs fequency on each section to see that all the questionnaire were enterd

Response rate
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The response rate at EA level was 100 percent, while 99.3 percent was recorded at housing units level.

Sampling error estimates
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No computation of sampling error

Data appraisal
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The Quality Control measures were carried out during the survey, essentially to ensure quality of data.
There were two levels of supervision involving the supervisors at the first level, NBS State Officers and Zonal Controllers at second level and finally the NBS Headquarters staff constituting the second level supervision.

摘要
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世界农业普查2000计划是该系列第八次推广全球农业普查方法的计划。该系列的前两次计划分别由国际农业研究所（IITA）在1930年和1940年资助。随后的计划直至1990年均由联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）推广。FAO建议每个国家在每个普查计划十年中至少进行一次农业普查，例如，2000年世界农业普查计划对应于1996年至2005年期间进行的农业普查。许多国家缺乏进行农业普查所需的资源。因此，自1960年起，对于缺乏全面普查所需资源的国家，进行基于样本的农业普查已成为一种可接受的惯例。
在尼日利亚的情况下，采用了一种结合全面普查和样本普查的方法，即对农村（农民）土地采用样本普查，而对现代土地则采用全面普查。名为“国家农业样本普查”的项目即源于此实践。尼日利亚通过国家农业样本普查（NASC）参与了20世纪70年代、80年代和90年代的全球农业普查计划。由于资金不足，尼日利亚未能于2003/2004年进行农业普查。自1996年以来，尼日利亚国家统计局（NBS）的定期年度农业调查一直不稳定，且大量数据集仍待处理。基线农业数据尚未更新，而年度常规调查也遭受了挫折。政府（联邦、州、地方政府）、部门机构、FAO和其他国际组织迫切需要联合起来进行这项早已逾期的农业普查工作。2006/2008年国家农业样本普查调查的试点工作已于2007年第三季度开始。
2006/08年国家农业样本普查（NASC）对于加强尼日利亚薄弱的农业数据至关重要。该项目分为三个子项目以方便实施：试点调查、现代农业持有地和主普查。该项目始于2006年第三季度，并于2008年第一季度结束。试点调查由国家统计局共同实施。
试点调查的主要目标是测试调查工具、设备、问卷管理、数据处理安排和报告撰写的充分性。2007年7月进行的试点调查涵盖了国家统计局的两个调查系统——国家综合家庭调查（NISH）和国家综合企业调查（NISE）。调查工具的设计是为了使用这两个调查系统，同时引入了地理定位系统（GPS）作为实施项目的额外新工具。
2007年5月21日至23日在卡杜纳举行的利益相关者研讨会是试点调查起飞的初始基准之一。试点调查的实施始于2007年6月13日至15日在国家统计局总部举行的第一级培训（培训培训师）。2007年7月2日至6日在十二个相关州的总部实施了面向所有级别的现场人员的第二级培训。试点调查的现场工作于2007年7月9日开始，并于7月13日结束。IMPS和SPSS被用作数据录入程序的统计软件。
地理覆盖范围
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州
分析单元
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饲养牲畜或家禽的家庭
总体
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牲畜或家禽饲养家庭
数据类型
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普查/清点数据 [cen]
抽样程序
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调查在12个属于6个地理政治区的州进行。
每个地理政治区覆盖2个州。
每个选定州研究2个地方政府区域。
每个地方政府区域覆盖2个农村清点区域，并系统性地选择了3个牲畜/家禽养殖住房单元进行访问。
抽样偏差
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无偏差
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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国家农业样本普查（NASC）牲畜和家禽问卷分为以下几部分：
- 持有地的识别/描述
- 资金、就业和收入/工资
- 牲畜
- 家禽
- 固定资产
- 销售
- 库存
- 补贴
数据清洗操作
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数据处理和分析计划包括五个主要阶段：数据处理人员培训；手工编辑和编码；数据录入程序开发；数据录入和编辑以及制表。
用于数据录入的是普查和调查处理系统（CSPro）软件，用于编辑的是社会科学统计包（SPSS）和CSPro，用于制表的是SPSS、统计分析软件（SAS）和EXCEL的组合。
国家统计局和中央银行（CBN）的专题专家和计算机人员实施了数据处理工作。表格计划也由这些官员根据所使用的三个调查系统及其覆盖的区域和主题制定。
数据编辑分为两个阶段，即在数据录入之前进行的手工编辑。这涉及在各个区域使用编辑器手工编辑，以确保问卷上信息的准确性。第二个编辑是计算机编辑，这是对已录入数据的清理。
完成后的问卷被收集并手工编辑
(a) 编辑员在数据录入前使用问卷的视觉控制进行办公室编辑和编码
(b) Cspro被用于设计提供的外部资源的数据录入模板
(c) 使用了10名操作员、2名监督员和2名程序员
(d) 使用了10台机器进行数据录入
(e) 数据录入后，数据录入监督员对每个部分进行频率分析，以确保所有问卷都已录入
响应率
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在清点区域级别，响应率为100％，而在住房单元级别记录了99.3％。
抽样误差估计
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未进行抽样误差的计算
数据评估
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在调查期间实施了质量控制措施，主要是为了确保数据质量。
涉及两个级别的监督，包括第一级的监督员、国家统计局州官员和区域控制器，以及第二级的国家统计局总部工作人员。