中国第38次南极科学考察(2021-2022年)罗斯海鱼卵仔稚鱼调查数据

鱼卵仔稚鱼是指示渔业资源量的重要指标之一。南大洋主要鱼类有灯笼鱼科、深海鲑科、侧纹南极鱼、犬牙鱼等，既是南大洋寒冷环境中独特生态系统的重要组成部分，也是这一海域重要的渔业资源组成部分。南极渔业资源的保护和利用也是CCAMLR《南极海洋生物资源养护公约》高度重视的敏感内容。而我国开发利用的南极生物主要还是南极磷虾，对南极鱼类资源的研究、开发和保护均比较薄弱。
本数据为中国第38次南极考察鱼卵仔稚鱼调查数据，对了解泛南极鱼类物种组成、数量分布，建立南极海域本底中层鱼类数据库，评估鱼类关键种资源储量具有重要意义。
国际上对罗斯海的了解较少，尤其其食物网和生物多样性更是罕为人知，明确该区域中层鱼类分布等情况对于渔业资源的保护和开发、南大洋生态系统的研究、南极保护区的建立有重要科学价值。
1.数据采集方法和所获资料
使用网口大小0.565m2的bongo网进行鱼类样本的采集和初步鉴定。样本经冷冻保存后送回国内实验室进行详细鉴定和主要生物学数据的测定。
2.观测区域
本航次考察海区为罗斯海。

Fish eggs and larvae are important indicators of fishery stock abundance. The dominant fish taxa in the Southern Ocean include Myctophidae, Bathylagidae, Pleuragramma antarcticum, Dissostichus spp., etc. These fish species constitute not only a critical component of the unique ecosystems in the frigid Southern Ocean environment, but also a vital part of the regional fishery resources. The protection and sustainable utilization of Antarctic fishery resources are sensitive issues that the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) attaches great importance to under the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources. At present, the main Antarctic biological resource exploited by China is Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), while research, exploitation and conservation of Antarctic fish resources remain relatively underdeveloped.

This dataset originates from the fish eggs and larvae survey carried out during the 38th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition. It holds significant scientific value for clarifying the species composition and abundance-distribution patterns of circumpolar Antarctic fishes, establishing a baseline mesopelagic fish database for Antarctic waters, and evaluating the stock biomass of key fish species.

The international community has limited knowledge of the Ross Sea, particularly its food webs and biodiversity. Clarifying the distribution of mesopelagic fishes and relevant ecological information in this region carries important scientific implications for fishery resource protection and development, Southern Ocean ecosystem research, and the establishment of Antarctic protected areas.

1. Data Collection Methods and Acquired Materials
Fish samples were collected and preliminarily identified using a bongo net with a net mouth area of 0.565 m². Following cryopreservation, the samples were transported back to domestic laboratories for detailed species identification and measurement of core biological parameters.

2. Survey Area
The survey sea area for this cruise was the Ross Sea.