NUS Republican China Weather Database

Systematic data on Chinese weather prior to 1949 is very sparse. Such data is important to better understand both long-term regional climate variability and the social and economic consequences of weather shocks. Here, we compile 462,831 instrumental observations of daily temperature, precipitation, and sunshine at up to 330 sites in China during the Nationalist era, 1912-49. The principal sources are monthly reports of the Institute of Meteorology, Nanjing, North China Meteorological Section of the Japanese Army, and observatories in Japanese-occupied Manchuria. This new dataset provides a valuable dataset for scientific and academic research.

1949年以前的中国系统性气象数据极为匮乏。此类数据对于深入理解区域长期气候变率，以及气象冲击所引发的社会与经济后果均具有重要意义。本研究汇编了1912至1949年国民政府时期中国境内最多330个观测站点的462831条逐日气温、降水与日照的仪器观测记录。主要数据来源包括南京中央研究院气象研究所的月度报告、日本陆军华北气象部门，以及日占满洲地区的气象观测台站。这一全新数据集可为科学与学术研究提供宝贵的数据支撑。