Profiling the activity of edible European macroalgae towards pharmacological targets for type 2 diabetes mellitus

In traditional medicine marine extracts are extensively used as therapies for diabetes. With the increasing rate of incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and rising cost of treatments, we investigated the anti-diabetic properties of extracts of common edible seaweeds in Europe including their ability to inhibit alpha-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) enzymatic activity, block sodium glucose transporter-2 (SGLT-2) activity and stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and synthesis. The most promising seaweed extracts were tested for anti-hyperglycaemic activity <i>in vivo</i>. Some brown seaweed (Phaeophyceae) extracts had inhibitory effects on alpha-glucosidase ranging from 13.9 ± 0.2% to 89.5 ± 0.4% (p Alaria esculenta and water extracts of <i>Laminaria digitata</i> strongly inhibited DPP-4 activity by 91.3 ± 0.1% and 90.0 ± 0.2%, respectively (p Ulva rigida (Chlorophyta) had the greatest potential to stimulate GLP-1 secretion and GLP-1 synthesis (p Porphyra linearis (Rhodophyta) significantly reduced the overall glycaemic excursion during an oral glucose tolerance test in normal mice (p

传统医学中，海洋提取物被广泛用作糖尿病的治疗手段。鉴于2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus）发病率持续攀升、治疗成本日益上涨，本研究针对欧洲常见食用海藻提取物的抗糖尿病活性展开探究，涵盖其对α-葡萄糖苷酶（alpha-glucosidase）、二肽基肽酶4（dipeptidyl peptidase 4, DPP-4）的酶活性抑制能力，对钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（sodium glucose transporter-2, SGLT-2）的阻断作用，以及对胰高血糖素样肽-1（glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1）分泌与合成的促进效果。本研究对活性最优的海藻提取物开展体内（in vivo）抗高血糖活性验证。部分褐藻（Phaeophyceae）提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率介于13.9 ± 0.2%至89.5 ± 0.4%之间（p。翅藻（Alaria esculenta）和掌状海带（Laminaria digitata）水提物对DPP-4活性的抑制率分别达91.3 ± 0.1%与90.0 ± 0.2%（p。硬石莼（Ulva rigida，Chlorophyta）在促进GLP-1分泌与合成方面表现出最优潜力（p。线形紫菜（Porphyra linearis，Rhodophyta）可显著降低正常小鼠口服葡萄糖耐量试验中的整体血糖波动幅度（p。