Data for: Thermal Infrared Directs Host-seeking Behavior in Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes

Mosquito-borne diseases affect hundreds of millions of people annually and disproportionately impact the developing world. One mosquito species, Aedes (Ae.) aegypti, is a primary vector of viruses that cause dengue, yellow fever, and Zika. The attraction of Ae. aegypti females to humans requires integrating multiple cues, including CO2 from breath, organic odors from skin, and visual cues, all sensed at mid and long ranges, and other cues sensed at very close range. Here we identify a new cue that Ae. aegypti use as part of their sensory arsenal to find humans. We demonstrate that they sense the infrared radiation (IR) emanating from their targets and use this information in combination with other cues for highly effective mid-range navigation. Detection of thermal IR requires the heat-activated channel TRPA1, which is expressed in neurons at the tip of the antenna. Two opsins are co-expressed with TRPA1 in these neurons and promote the detection of lower IR intensities. We propose that..., Recordings of mosquitoes in an arena that was custom fabricated by the UCSB Physics Machine Shop. Arena contained five panels of 1/2\" acrylic (Cat. no. 8560K268, McMaster-CarrⓇ, Los Angeles, CA, USA) . Two 10 cm x 10 cm cutouts were made in one panel with enough tolerance to hold the two Peltier plates (10cm x 10cm) securely ​​(TEC plate, model TCP-50, Advanced Thermoelectric, Nashua, NH, USA). The panels were assembled using stainless steel socket head screws (McMaster-Carr®, Los Angeles, CA, USA). An LED light bar was mounted to illuminate the wall that contained the Peltier devices (ASIN: B07CVCF8JF, YEEZEN, Shenzhen, China). 
All but one of the interior faces of the arena panels were covered in white PVC adhesive (ConTactⓇ, Kittrich Corp., Pomona, CA, USA) paper to limit unwanted visual stimuli in the mosquito visual field and produce high contrast images (dark mosquito bodies vs. light background) for subsequent object tracking. The Peltier plates were also covered with white ConTa..., , # Data for: Thermal Infrared Directs Host-seeking Behavior in *Aedes Aegypti* Mosquitoes

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.547d7wm](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.547d7wmh3)

This deposit contains video recordings used in the manuscript \"Thermal infrared directs host-seeking behavior in *Aedes aegypti* mosquitoes.\" Each video has a unique ID, which can be matched to a Source Data file. Videos are in .mp4 format and contained in zip files and grouped by their ID prefix (e.g., IR_43 is contained in IR_vids.zip). 

## Analysis code

MATLAB code for analyzing these videos can be found at the following link:

* [https://github.com/Craig-Montell-Lab/Chandel_DeBeaubien_2023](https://github.com/Craig-Montell-Lab/Chandel_DeBeaubien_2023)

## Video guide

Some files use abbreviations corresponding to different experiments that were performed:

An: Anopheles 

SI: silicon wafer 

Ex: extended polyethylene film

OW: one-way choice

OW50: one-way choice with 50 ˚C plate

IR: infrared radiation

Below...

蚊媒传染病每年影响数亿人，且对发展中地区造成不成比例的沉重负担。埃及伊蚊（*Aedes (Ae.) aegypti*）是登革热病毒、黄热病病毒与寨卡病毒的主要传播媒介。埃及伊蚊雌蚊的人类宿主趋附行为需要整合多类感官线索：包括呼吸释放的二氧化碳、皮肤分泌的有机气味，以及中远距离感知的视觉信号，还有近距离感知的其他感官信号。本研究鉴定出埃及伊蚊用于搜寻人类宿主的全新感官线索。我们证实，埃及伊蚊能够感知宿主辐射出的红外辐射（infrared radiation, IR），并将该信号与其他感官线索结合，实现高效的中距离宿主搜寻导航。对热红外信号的检测依赖于热激活离子通道TRPA1（heat-activated channel TRPA1），该通道在埃及伊蚊触角顶端的神经元中表达。另有两种视蛋白与TRPA1在上述神经元中共表达，可辅助检测低强度红外信号。我们提出……

本研究使用由加州大学圣巴巴拉分校物理机械车间定制加工的行为箱开展蚊虫记录实验。行为箱由5块1/2英寸厚的丙烯酸板材（货号8560K268，McMaster-Carr®，美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶市）组装而成。其中一块板材开设两个10 cm×10 cm的切口，预留足够公差以稳固安装两块10 cm×10 cm的帕尔贴温控板（TEC板，型号TCP-50，Advanced Thermoelectric，美国新罕布什尔州纳舒厄市）。板材组装采用不锈钢内六角螺钉（McMaster-Carr®，美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶市）。为照亮搭载帕尔贴装置的板材壁面，我们安装了LED灯条（ASIN: B07CVCF8JF，YEEZEN，中国深圳市）。

行为箱板材的所有内侧壁面（除一处外）均覆盖白色PVC自粘壁纸（ConTact™，Kittrich Corp.，美国加利福尼亚州波莫纳市），以限制蚊虫视觉系统接收到的非目标视觉刺激，并为后续目标追踪提供高对比度成像背景（深色蚊虫躯体与浅色背景形成鲜明反差）。帕尔贴温控板同样覆盖白色ConTact壁纸……

# 数据集关联：《热红外辐射介导埃及伊蚊的宿主搜寻行为》
[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.547d7wmh3](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.547d7wmh3)
本数据集存档包含论文"Thermal infrared directs host-seeking behavior in *Aedes aegypti* mosquitoes"中使用的视频录像。每份视频均配有唯一ID，可与对应源数据文件匹配。视频采用.mp4格式，按ID前缀打包为zip压缩文件（例如IR_43存储于IR_vids.zip中）。

## 分析代码
用于分析上述视频的MATLAB代码可通过以下链接获取：
* [https://github.com/Craig-Montell-Lab/Chandel_DeBeaubien_2023](https://github.com/Craig-Montell-Lab/Chandel_DeBeaubien_2023)

## 视频命名缩写说明
部分文件使用缩写指代不同实验分组：
An：按蚊属（Anopheles）
SI：硅晶圆（silicon wafer）
Ex：延展聚乙烯膜（extended polyethylene film）
OW：单向选择实验
OW50：搭载50℃温控板的单向选择实验
IR：红外辐射
下文……