A synopsis of the saddle fungi (Helvella: Ascomycota) in Europe – species delimitation, taxonomy and typification

Helvella is a widespread, speciose genus of large apothecial ascomycetes (Pezizomycete: Pezizales) that are found in terrestrial biomes of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. This study represents a beginning on assessing species limits and applying correct names for Helvella species based on type material and specimens in the university herbaria (fungaria) of Copenhagen (C), Harvard (FH) and Oslo (O). We use morphology and phylogenetic evidence from four loci – heat shock protein 90 (hsp), translation elongation factor alpha (tef), RNA polymerase II (rpb2) and the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU) –to assess species boundaries in an expanded sample of Helvella specimens from Europe. We combine the morphological and phylogenetic information from 55 Helvella species from Europe with a small sample of Helvella species from other regions of the world. Little intraspecific variation was detected within the species using these molecular markers; hsp and rpb2 markers provided usefu...

马鞍菌属（Helvella）是一个分布广泛、物种丰富的大型子囊盘状子囊菌（盘菌纲：盘菌目）属类，在北半球和南半球的陆地生物群落中均有发现。本研究首次基于模式材料及哥本哈根大学菌物标本馆（C）、哈佛大学真菌标本馆（FH）和奥斯陆大学菌物标本馆（O）的馆藏标本，对马鞍菌属物种的界定及正确名称应用展开评估。本研究利用4个分子标记位点——热休克蛋白90（hsp）、翻译延伸因子α（tef）、RNA聚合酶II（rpb2）及核大亚基核糖体DNA（LSU）——的形态学与系统发育证据，对欧洲范围内扩增采样的马鞍菌属标本进行物种边界分析。我们将欧洲55个马鞍菌属物种的形态与系统发育信息，与全球其他区域少量马鞍菌属物种的相关数据进行整合。通过上述分子标记未检测到显著的种内变异；hsp与rpb2标记提供了有效的……