Sea Ice data from ARSV Laurence M. Gould and RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer cruises LMG0106, LMG0205, NBP0104, and NBP0204 in the Southern Ocean from 2001-2002 (SOGLOBEC project; Sea Ice Microbes project)

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<h3>Sea Ice Observations during Southern Ocean GLOBEC</h3> Sea ice observations on the Southern Ocean GLOBEC cruises were conducted according to standardized protocols developed and utilized by members of the Antarctic Sea Ice Processes and Climate working group (co-sponsored by SCAR and GlOCHANT). Related datasets: <a href=\"http://globec.whoi.edu/jg/serv/globec/soglobec/ice_properties.html0%7Bdir=globec.whoi.edu/jg/dir/globec/soglobec/,info=globec.whoi.edu/jg/info/globec/soglobec/ice_properties%7D\" target=\"_blank\">ice properties</a>, <a href=\"http://globec.whoi.edu/jg/serv/globec/soglobec/ice_thickness.html0%7Bdir=globec.whoi.edu/jg/dir/globec/soglobec/,info=globec.whoi.edu/jg/info/globec/soglobec/ice_thickness%7D\" target=\"_blank\">ice thickness</a>, <a href=\"http://globec.whoi.edu/jg/serv/globec/soglobec/snow_pits.html0%7Bdir=globec.whoi.edu/jg/dir/globec/soglobec/,info=globec.whoi.edu/jg/info/globec/soglobec/snow_pits%7D\" target=\"_blank\">snow pits</a> More details regarding methodology can be found at <a href=\"http://www.scar.org/GLOCHANT/ASPeCt/seaiceobs.htm\">http://www.scar.org/GLOCHANT/ASPeCt/seaiceobs.htm</a> or by contacting Dr. C.H. Fritsen at <a href=\"mailto:cfritsen@dri.edu\">cfritsen@dri.edu</a>. OPEN WATER (OpnWtrCode): Code --- Description 0 --- No openings 1 --- Small cracks 2 --- Very narrow breaks, <50m    3 --- Narrow breaks, 50-200 m 4 --- Wide breaks, 200-500 m 5 --- Very wide breaks, >500 m 6 --- Lead/coastal lead 7 --- Polynya/coastal polynya 8 --- Water broken only by small scattered floes 9 --- Open sea ICE CONCn (IceCon): to be expressed in tenths. ICE TYPE (ITypeCode): Code --- Description 10 --- Frazil 11 --- Shuga 12 --- Grease 20 -- Nilas 30 --- Pancakes 40 --- Young grey ice, 0.1-0.15 m 50 --- Young grey-white ice, 0.15-0.3 m 60 --- First year, 0.3-0.7 m 70 --- First year, 0.7-1.2 m 80 --- First year, >1.2 m 85 --- Multiyear floes 90 --- Brash 95 --- Fast ice SEA ICE (IThkns) AND SNOWTHICKNESS (SnoThkns): to be expressed in centimetres. FLOE SIZE (FloSzCode): Code --- Description 100 --- Pancakes 200 --- New sheet ice 300 --- Brash/broken ice 400 --- Cake ice, <20 m    500 --- Small floes, 20-100 m 600 --- Medium floes, 100-500 m 700 --- Large floes, 500-2000 m 800 --- Vast floes, >2000 m SNOW TYPE (SnoTypCode): Code --- Description 0 --- No snow observation 1 --- No snow, no ice or brash 2 --- Cold new snow, < 1 day old 3 --- Cold old snow 4 --- Cold wind-packed snow 5 --- New melting snow (wet new snow) 6 --- Old melting snow 7 --- Glaze 8 --- Melt slush 9 --- Melt puddles 10 --- Saturated snow (waves) 11 --- Sastrugi <table border=\"1\" style=\"width:30%\"> <caption>TOPOGRAPHY (TopoCode):</caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> <tr> <td>100</td> <td>Level ice</td> </tr> <tr> <td>200</td> <td>Rafted pancakes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>300</td> <td>Cemented pancakes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>400</td> <td>Finger rafting</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5xy</td> <td>New, unconsolidated ridges (no snow)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6xy</td> <td>New ridges filled with snow or a snow cover</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7xy</td> <td>Consolidated ridges (no weathering)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>8xy</td> <td>Older, weathered ridges</td> </tr> <tr> <th>x values</th> <th>Areal Coverage</th> </tr> <tr> <td>0</td> <td>0-10%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>10-20%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>20-30%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>30-40%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>40-50%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>50-60%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>60-70%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>70-80%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>80-90%</td> </tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>90-100%</td> </tr> <tr> <th>y values</th> <th>Avg. Sail Height</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>0.5 m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>1.0 m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>1.5 m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>2.0 m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>3.0 m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>4.0 m</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>5.0 m</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> The following weather observation codes and descriptions are from the \"National Weather Service Observing Handbook No. 1\", Marine Surface Weather Observations, August 1995. U.S. Department of Commerce, Silver Spring, MD. VISIBILITY (visib): Code --- Visibility in m/km 90 --- less than 50 m 91 --- 50 but less than 200 m 92 --- 200 but less than 500 m 93 --- 500 but less than 1000 m 94 --- > 1 but less than 2 km 95 --- > 2 but less than 4 km 96 --- > 4 but less than 10 km 97 --- > 10 but less than 20 km 98 --- > 20 but less than 50 km 99 --- > 50 km or more TOTAL CLOUD COVER (cldcvr): to be expressed in eighths; -1 = Sky obscured by fog, snow or other met. phenom. <table border=\"\" style=\"width:30%\"> <caption>PRESENT WEATHER (wx): </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Code</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Change of sky during past hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td>0</td> <td>Cloud development not observable</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Clouds dissolving or becoming less developed</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>State of the sky on the whole unchanged</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>Clouds generally forming or developing</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Phenomena in past hour but not at time of obs</td> </tr> <tr> <td>28</td> <td>Fog (in past hour, but not at time of obs.)</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>36</td> <td>Slight or moderate drifting snow, low (below eye level)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>37</td> <td>Heavy drifting snow, low (below eye level)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>38</td> <td>Slight or moderate drifting snow, high (above eye level)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>39</td> <td>Heavy drifting snow, high (above eye level)</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Fog at the time of observation</td> </tr> <tr> <td>41</td> <td>Sky visible Fog in patches (visibility may be greater than 1/2 nm)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>42</td> <td>Sky visible Fog has become thinner in past hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td>43</td> <td>Sky invisible For has become thinner in past hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td>44</td> <td>Sky visible Fog, no change in past hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td>45</td> <td>Sky invisible Fog, no change in past hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td>46</td> <td>Sky visible Fog has begun or thickened in past hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td>47</td> <td>Sky invisible Fog has begun or thickened in past hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Drizzle</td> </tr> <tr> <td>50</td> <td>Intermittent Slight drizzle</td> </tr> <tr> <td>56</td> <td>Slight Freezing drizzle</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Rain (Not falling as showers)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>60</td> <td>Intermittent Slight rain</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Solid precipitation not falling as showers</td> </tr> <tr> <td>70</td> <td>Intermittent Slight snow in flakes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>71</td> <td>Continuous Slight snow in flakes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>72</td> <td>Intermittent Moderate snow in flakes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>73</td> <td>Continuous Moderate snow in flakes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>74</td> <td>Intermittent Heavy snow in flakes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>75</td> <td>Continuous Heavy snow in flakes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>76</td> <td>Diamond dust (with or without fog)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>77</td> <td>Snow grains (with or without fog)</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Solid precipitation in showers</td> </tr> <tr> <td>85</td> <td>Slight Shower of snow</td> </tr> <tr> <td>86</td> <td>Moderate or heavy Shower of snow</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

创建时间：

2023-12-30