Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP): 1996 Panel Wave 1

<p>This data collection is part of a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals. There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. These include age, sex, race, ethnic origin, marital status, household relationship, education, and veteran status. Limited data are provided on housing unit characteristics such as units in structure, tenure, access, and complete kitchen facilities. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, and participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs for each month of the four-month reference period. Data for employed persons include number of hours and weeks worked, earnings, and weeks without a job. Nonworkers are classified as unemployed or not in the labor force. In addition to providing income data associated with labor force activity, the core questions cover nearly 50 other types of income. Core data also include postsecondary school attendance, public or private subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are a series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits. Topical modules include some core data to link individuals to the core files. The Wave 1 Topical Module covers recipiency and employment history. The Wave 2 Topical Module includes work disability, education and training, marital, migration, and fertility histories, and household relationships. The Wave 3 Topical Module covers medical expenses and utilization of health care, work-related expenses and child support, assets and liabilities, real estate, shelter costs, dependent care and vehicles, value of business, interest earning accounts, rental properties, stocks and mutual fund shares, mortgages, and other assets. The Wave 4 Topical Module covers disability, taxes, child care, and annual income and retirement accounts. Data in the Wave 5 Topical Module describe child support, school enrollment and financing, support for nonhousehold members, adult and child disability, and employer-provided health benefits. Data in the Wave 6 Topical Module provide information on medical expenses, work-related expenses and child support paid, assets and liabilities, real estate, shelter costs, dependent care and vehicles, value of business, interest-earning accounts, rental properties, stock and mutual fund shares, mortgages, other financial investments. Wave 7 Topical Module includes annual income and retirement accounts, home health care, retirement expectations and pension plan coverage, and taxes. Wave 8 Topical Module covers adult well-being and welfare reform. Wave 9 Topical Module is the same as Waves 3 and 6 Topical Modules. Wave 10 Topical Module focuses on work schedules, disablility, taxes, child care, and annual income and retirement. Wave 11 includes child support, support for nonhousehold members, and adult and child disability. Wave 12 Topical Module is the same as Waves 3, 6, and 9 but also includes child well-being. (Source: ICPSR, retrieved 06/28/2011)</p>

本数据集为一项纵向调查的组成部分，旨在为美国住户与个人的经济状况提供详尽详实的信息。该数据用于考察美国社会的收入、财富与贫困分布情况，并评估联邦及州级项目对家庭与个人福祉的影响。本次调查包含三个基本组成部分：第一部分为控制卡（control card），用于记录住户中每位个人的基础社会与人口统计学特征，以及访查期间此类特征的变动情况，涵盖年龄、性别、种族、族裔出身、婚姻状况、家庭关系、受教育程度与退伍军人身份等信息；同时还提供了住房单元特征的有限数据，包括建筑内单元数、住房保有形式、通行条件与完备的厨房设施等。第二部分为调查问卷的核心模块，在四次访查中，会针对为期四个月的参考周期内的每个月度重复询问相关问题，内容涵盖劳动力活动情况、收入类型与金额，以及各类现金与非现金福利项目的参与情况。针对就业人员的数据包括工作时长、工作周数、薪酬收入以及失业周数；非就业人员则被划分为失业者与非劳动力群体。除劳动力活动相关的收入数据外，核心问题还覆盖了近50种其他类型的收入。核心数据还包括高等教育就读情况、公共或私人补贴租赁住房、低收入能源援助以及学校早餐与午餐计划参与情况。第三部分为专题模块（topical modules），即在选定的住户访查中开展的一系列补充性问题模块，其中包含部分核心数据以实现个人与核心文件的关联。其中，第1波专题模块涵盖受助情况与就业历史；第2波专题模块包括工作残疾、教育与培训、婚姻、迁移与生育史，以及家庭关系；第3波专题模块涵盖医疗开支与医疗服务使用情况、工作相关开支与子女抚养费、资产与负债、不动产、住房成本、受扶养人照料与车辆、企业价值、计息账户、租赁房产、股票与共同基金份额、抵押贷款及其他资产；第4波专题模块涵盖残疾、税收、儿童照料以及年度收入与退休账户；第5波专题模块的数据描述了子女抚养费、在校入学与筹资情况、对非住户家庭成员的资助、成人与儿童残疾情况，以及雇主提供的医疗保险福利；第6波专题模块提供了医疗开支、已支付的工作相关开支与子女抚养费、资产与负债、不动产、住房成本、受扶养人照料与车辆、企业价值、计息账户、租赁房产、股票与共同基金份额、抵押贷款及其他金融投资的相关信息；第7波专题模块包括年度收入与退休账户、家庭医疗保健、退休预期与养老金计划覆盖情况，以及税收；第8波专题模块涵盖成人福祉与福利改革；第9波专题模块与第3、6波专题模块内容一致；第10波专题模块聚焦于工作时长安排、残疾、税收、儿童照料以及年度收入与退休账户；第11波专题模块包括子女抚养费、对非住户家庭成员的资助，以及成人与儿童残疾情况；第12波专题模块与第3、6、9波专题模块内容一致，同时新增了儿童福祉相关内容。数据来源：ICPSR，2011年6月28日检索。