TCSP ER-2 MICROWAVE TEMPERATURE PROFILER (MTP) V1

The TCSP ER-2 Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP) dataset was collected by the ER-2 Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP), which is a passive microwave radiometer which measures the thermal emission from oxygen molecules in the atmosphere for a selection of elevation angles (normally 10 between +60 and -58 degrees). The current observing frequencies are 55.5, 56.6 and 58.8 GHz. Measured 'brightness temperature' versus elevation angle is converted to air temperature versus altitude using a modified statistical retrieval procedure with a Bayesian component. An altitude temperature profile (ATP) is produced in this manner every 13 seconds or approximately 3 km along the flight path. The ATP can be used to produce a color-coded temperature curtain (CTC) of the temperature field which the ER2 has flown through, and to identify the tropopause location. ATPs can also be used to locate altitudes where the air is cold enough to condense nitric acid or water vapor to form polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). The TCSP mission collected data for research and documentation of cyclogenesis, the interaction of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind and air pressure that creates ideal birthing conditions for tropical storms, hurricanes and related phenomena. The goal of this mission was to help us better understand how hurricanes and other tropical storms are formed and intensify.

TCSP ER-2微波温度剖面仪（MTP）数据集由ER-2微波温度剖面仪（MTP）收集而成，该剖面仪为一款被动微波辐射计，可测量大气中氧分子在选定仰角（通常为+60至-58度之间的10个角度）的热辐射。当前观测频率为55.5、56.6和58.8 GHz。通过修改后的统计检索程序，将测得的'亮度温度'与仰角相对应，转换为空气温度与高度的关系。以此方式，每隔13秒或约3公里沿飞行路径产生一个高度温度剖面（ATP）。ATP可用于生成ER2所穿越的温度场的彩色编码温度幕（CTC），并确定对流层顶的位置。ATPs还可用于定位空气温度足够低，以至于能使硝酸或水蒸气凝结形成极地平流层云（PSCs）的高度。TCSP任务收集的数据用于研究并记录气旋生成过程，包括温度、湿度、降水、风和气压的相互作用，这些因素共同创造了热带风暴、飓风及相关现象的理想孕育条件。本次任务的目标是帮助我们更好地理解飓风和其他热带风暴的形成和增强机制。