Downregulation of HDAC9 by β-hydroxybutyrate suppresses vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease

In this study, we report the protective effect of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD). To further investigate the mechanism underpinning the protective effect of BHB on vascular calcification, we performed high-throughput RNA-seq to identify the target gene of BHB. Our data demonstrate that BHB supplementation inhibits vascular calcification in CKD via targeting HDAC9. Human vascular smooth muscle cells were cultured in calcifying medium (CM) in the presence or absence of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). RNA-seq was performed to determine the downstream target of BHB.