Data from: Geographic differentiation of domesticated einkorn wheat and possible Neolithic migration routes

To analyse the spread of domesticated einkorn into Europe, 136 landraces, nine wild einkorns and three T. urartu were fingerprinted by the DArT-seq marker technology. The obtained 3455 SNP markers confirmed earlier results about the separation of wild and domesticated einkorn from T. urartu and about the pinpointing of the domesticated forms to the Karacadağ Mountains (Turkey). Further analyses identified two major domesticated landrace einkorn groups, one relating to the Prealpine region and one to the Maghreb/Iberian region. The previous published four geographical provenance groups were mostly identified in our results. The earlier reported unique position of the Maghreb/Iberia einkorns cannot be confirmed, as the three landrace clusters we identified with STRUCTURE also occur in the remaining einkorn, although at different frequencies. The results are discussed in respect to the spreading of domesticated einkorn into Western Europe and two possible Neolithic migration routes are indicated.

为探究驯化一粒小麦（einkorn）向欧洲的传播路径，研究人员采用DArT-seq标记技术，对136份地方品种、9份野生一粒小麦以及3份乌拉尔图小麦（T. urartu）进行了基因分型检测。本研究获得的3455个单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphism，简称SNP）标记，验证了此前的两项研究结论：其一，野生一粒小麦与驯化一粒小麦均与乌拉尔图小麦（T. urartu）存在遗传分化；其二，驯化一粒小麦的起源地可精准定位至土耳其的卡拉达格山脉（Karacadağ Mountains）。后续群体分析鉴定出两个主要的驯化一粒小麦地方品种类群，一类对应阿尔卑斯山前地区，另一类对应马格里布/伊比利亚地区。本研究结果大多验证了此前已发表的4个地理起源类群的划分。此前报道的马格里布/伊比利亚地区一粒小麦的独特遗传地位未得到本研究证实：本研究通过STRUCTURE软件鉴定出的3个地方品种类群，在其余供试一粒小麦材料中也有分布，仅类群频率存在差异。本研究就驯化一粒小麦向西欧的传播路径展开了讨论，并提出了两条可行的新石器时代迁徙路线。