THSB1-Positive Monocytes and Pro-Inflammatory Immune Microenvironment as Drivers of Osteoclastogenesis in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is driven by an imbalance in the interaction among osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and immune cells within the bone marrow microenvironment. However, detailed single-cell transcriptomic data on the bone microenvironment of PMOP patients are lacking. This study characterized the cellular landscape of the bone marrow in PMOP and identified key osteoclastogenic pathways. Single-cell RNA sequencing of bone marrow cells from 10 PMOP patients and 10 controls (93,867 cells) was performed, complemented by histological validation and in vitro modulation of key pathways.