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Considering that bat ecology alterations may be linked with pathogen spillover, research on bat coronaviruses, particularly on the infection and transmission pattern among bats in relation with their ecology, is essential. We captured bats distributed in Korea from 2021 to 2022, examined coronaviruses in oral swabs, feces, urine, and ectoparasites, and were able to detect alphacoronavirus. We investigated coronaviruses, but noted no substantial differences in the body condition index in the coronavirus-positive bats. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that bat ecological factors that were significantly associated with coronavirus-positive were roost type, sample type, and bat species. Coronavirus-positive ectoparasite cases suggested the potential role of them as the viral transmission vectors or fomites. Reinfection of a different coronavirus in the recaptured bat was evident, coronavirus circulation evading the potential protective immunity acquired from the previous coronavirus infection. The present findings provide comprehensive information on the coronaviruses transmission dynamics within bat populations linked with bat ecology.

鉴于蝙蝠生态学改变可能与病原体溢出存在关联，针对蝙蝠冠状病毒的研究——尤其是聚焦于蝙蝠种群内与生态学特征相关的感染与传播模式的研究，具有重要意义。本研究于2021至2022年间捕获了分布于韩国的蝙蝠，对其口腔拭子、粪便、尿液及体外寄生虫样本中的冠状病毒进行检测，成功检出甲型冠状病毒（Alphacoronavirus）。本研究针对冠状病毒展开调查，但未发现冠状病毒阳性蝙蝠的身体状况指数存在显著差异。二元逻辑回归分析结果显示，与冠状病毒阳性感染显著相关的蝙蝠生态学因素包括栖息类型、样本类型以及蝙蝠物种。冠状病毒检测呈阳性的体外寄生虫样本提示，此类体外寄生虫可能作为病毒传播媒介或污染物载体（fomites）发挥作用。重捕蝙蝠被检测出感染了另一种冠状病毒，提示冠状病毒的循环传播可规避此前感染所诱导的潜在保护性免疫。本研究结果为解析与蝙蝠生态学特征相关的蝙蝠种群内冠状病毒传播动态提供了全面的参考依据。