Transcriptome analysis of gene expression provides new insights into the effect of mild therapeutic hypothermia on primary human cortical astrocytes cultured under hypoxia

<br>Hypothermia is increasingly used as a therapeutic measure against brain injury. However, the cellular mechanisms underpinning its actions are complex and not fully elucidated. Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type of the brain and as such are likely to play a critical role in the hypothermia effects. In this study, the transcriptional changes and protein expression profile were investigated in human primary cortical astrocytes cultured under hypoxic conditions for 6h, with and without a mild hypothermic intervention 2h post-insult hypoxia/hypothermia to mimic the <i>in vivo</i> treatment situation following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and/or stroke.<br>Hypothermia is a complex intervention, this study provides the first detailed longitudinal comparison at the transcript and protein expression levels investigating the molecular effects of therapeutic hypothermic intervention following hypoxia on human primary cortical astrocytes.

低温疗法（Hypothermia）如今愈发广泛地被用作对抗脑损伤的治疗手段，但其发挥作用的细胞机制极为复杂，尚未完全阐明。星形胶质细胞（Astrocytes）是大脑中数量最多的细胞类型，因此极有可能在低温疗法的效应中发挥关键作用。本研究针对体外培养的人原代皮层星形胶质细胞，在缺氧条件下培养6小时，设置缺氧损伤后2小时施加轻度低温干预与不施加干预的两组对照，以模拟创伤性脑损伤（TBI）和/或卒中后的体内（in vivo）治疗场景，对其转录变化与蛋白质表达谱展开了研究。
低温疗法是一种复杂的干预手段，本研究首次在转录本与蛋白质表达层面，针对缺氧后施加治疗性低温干预对人原代皮层星形胶质细胞的分子效应，开展了详细的纵向对比分析。