青藏高原地区主要家养动物流行病学调研数据集（2018）

对以西藏、青海为主的青藏高原覆盖地区的家养动物（牦牛、藏羊、骆驼、马等共405份粪便样品）进行隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium spp.）和微孢子虫（E. bieneusi）进行了巢式PCR检测。1、 隐孢子虫的总体感染率为2.96%（12/405），在青海地区的骆驼、藏羊和牦牛中的检出率分为15%、9.8%及3.1%。在云南地区的牦牛中检测率为3.1%。而西藏和云南地区的其他家养动物中未检出。青海骆驼中检出两种隐孢子虫亚种，其中C.bovis亚型为首次在骆驼中检出；在云南牦牛中首次检出C.ryanae亚型。
微孢子虫（E. bieneusi）在青藏高原地区家养动物中的总体检出率为19.75%（80/405），共检出9种已知亚型和一种新亚型（YN）。其中检出率最高的为青海地区骆驼（45%），其次为蒙古羊（42.1%）、牦牛（37.5%）、马（15.62%）、藏羊（7.3%）。而西藏地区藏羊的检出率为10.8%。云南地区中山羊和黄牛中的检出率分别为36%和25.7%。在青海马中首次检测出CAM2亚型，牦牛中首次检测到CAM1亚型；云南黄牛中检测一种新亚型YN。

A total of 405 fecal samples from domestic animals (including yaks, Tibetan sheep, camels, horses, etc.) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region mainly centered on Tibet and Qinghai were subjected to nested PCR detection of Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi.
1. For Cryptosporidium spp.: The overall infection rate was 2.96% (12/405). The detection rates in camels, Tibetan sheep and yaks from Qinghai were 15%, 9.8% and 3.1% respectively. The detection rate in yaks from Yunnan was 3.1%. No positive samples were detected in other domestic animals from Tibet and Yunnan. Two Cryptosporidium subtypes were detected in camels from Qinghai, among which C. bovis was detected in camels for the first time; C. ryanae was detected in yaks from Yunnan for the first time.
For Enterocytozoon bieneusi: The overall detection rate in domestic animals from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was 19.75% (80/405), with a total of 9 known subtypes and one novel subtype (YN) identified. The highest detection rate was observed in camels from Qinghai (45%), followed by Mongolian sheep (42.1%), yaks (37.5%), horses (15.62%), and Tibetan sheep (7.3%). The detection rate in Tibetan sheep from Tibet was 10.8%. The detection rates in goats and cattle from Yunnan were 36% and 25.7% respectively. The CAM2 subtype was detected in horses from Qinghai for the first time, and the CAM1 subtype was detected in yaks for the first time; a novel subtype YN was detected in cattle from Yunnan.