1920-grænsen: national optimal, økonomisk katastrofal?

Usually, the drawing of the Danish-German border in 1920 is perceived as the best possible solution to a national conflict turned violent, with annexations and consequent border changes. It was part of the First World War settlement, it involved the people in a plebiscite, both national governments agreed in principle that the border should be drawn in accordance with the right of national self-determination. Dissenters were provided a framework of cultural autonomy within a recognized national minority. While perhaps the national and political optimal border, though, economic consequences of the border drawing have been overlooked in the numerous handbooks and other publications on the region’s history. This paper asks the question whether the border drawn was in fact an economic catastrophe, transforming a wealthy, well connected region into two peripheral fringes, economically marginalized and locked in national conflict.

长期以来，1920年丹德边境划定方案被视作解决这场演变为暴力冲突的民族争端的最优解，该争端伴随了领土吞并与后续边境变更。该方案是一战战后秩序的组成部分，通过全民公投征询当地民众意愿，丹麦与德国两国政府均原则同意，边境划定应遵循民族自决权。持异议群体可作为公认的少数民族，获得文化自治的制度保障。尽管该方案或许是民族与政治层面的最优边境划定方案，但其带来的经济后果却长期被该地区各类史学手册及相关研究出版物所忽视。本研究旨在探讨：此次划定的边境是否事实上沦为一场经济灾难，将原本富庶且联系紧密的区域割裂为两个边缘地带，使其陷入经济边缘化与持续的民族冲突僵局。