Nutritional and protein quality of dry Brazilian beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Abstract Brazil is the world's largest producer of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), which are one of the most widely consumed grain legumes in the world. Seven improved genotypes of dry, coloured, Brazilian common beans were analysed for their nutritional (chemical composition, oligosaccharides, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity) and protein quality (amino acid profile, amino acid score, trypsin inhibitor activity and in vitro protein digestibility). The grain bean cultivars studied showed a high content of fibre, with some aromatic amino acids present at higher levels than the Food and Agriculture Organization reference protein. The dry beans had intermediate protein digestibility, ranging from 50.3% in the BRS Notável cultivar to 66.9% in the Jalo Precoce cultivar. The studied dry beans contained anti-nutritional and flatulence factors, such as trypsin inhibitors and oligosaccharides. However, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were high. Improved grain beans have important nutritional characteristics that need to be preserved, and some negative, anti-nutritional characteristics. The results presented in this study can be used to assist the identification of appropriate processing techniques that maintain the positive features of dry beans and eliminate their negative attributes.

【摘要】巴西是全球最大的普通菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）生产国，普通菜豆是全球食用范围最广的食用豆类之一。本研究对7个经改良的巴西有色干菜豆基因型开展了分析，检测指标涵盖营养成分（化学组成、低聚糖、酚类化合物及抗氧化能力）与蛋白质品质（氨基酸组成、氨基酸评分、胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性及体外蛋白质消化率）。供试菜豆品种富含膳食纤维，部分芳香族氨基酸含量高于联合国粮食及农业组织（Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO）的参考蛋白标准。供试干菜豆的蛋白质消化率处于中等水平，范围为BRS Notável品种的50.3%至Jalo Precoce品种的66.9%。供试干菜豆含有抗营养因子与致胀气因子，如胰蛋白酶抑制剂与低聚糖，但总酚类化合物含量与抗氧化活性均较高。经改良的菜豆品种兼具值得保留的优良营养特性，以及部分负面的抗营养特性。本研究所得结果可用于辅助筛选适宜的加工技术，在保留干菜豆有益特性的同时消除其负面性状。