Parcellation-based structural and resting-state functional whole-brain connectomes of 1000BRAINS cohort (v1.0)

This dataset provides the individual whole-brain connectomes for 274 subjects from the 1000BRAINS cohort of healthy adults. For this, 20 different state-of-the-art cortical parcellations were used in this dataset to reconstruct the region-based empirical structural connectivity (representing the anatomy of axonal tracts) and functional connectivity (representing the temporal correlation between neuronal activity of brain regions) from diffusion-weighted (dwMRI) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, respectively. In addition, the regional blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals used for the calculation of the resting-state functional connectivity are also included in this dataset. Connectivity patterns of brain networks are of special interest in contemporary brain research, as they may reflect communication in the brain at the structural and functional levels. Their extraction, however, is a complex process that requires deep knowledge of MRI data processing methods. Furthermore, there is no consensus as to which parcellation of the brain is most suitable for a given analysis. The provided data can thus be used to investigate structural and functional human connectomes and their interrelations for varying brain parcellations. Accordingly, the investigations can be also extended to the whole-brain models for further analyses of brain structure and function.

本数据集收录了来自健康成人1000BRAINS队列（1000BRAINS cohort）的274名受试者的个体全脑连接组（whole-brain connectomes）。为此，本数据集采用20种当前最先进的皮层分区（cortical parcellations）方法，分别基于弥散加权磁共振成像（diffusion-weighted MRI, dwMRI）与静息态功能磁共振成像（resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI）数据，重构了基于脑区的经验性结构连接（structural connectivity，对应轴突束解剖结构）与功能连接（functional connectivity，对应脑区神经元活动的时间相关性）。此外，用于计算静息态功能连接的区域性血氧水平依赖（blood-oxygen-level-dependent, BOLD）信号也收录于本数据集。脑网络的连接模式是当代脑科学研究的核心热点，因其可反映大脑在结构与功能层面的信息通信。然而，脑网络连接模式的提取过程极为复杂，需要具备磁共振成像数据处理方法的深厚专业知识。此外，针对特定分析场景，目前尚无公认的最优脑区划分方案。因此，本数据集提供的数据可用于探究不同脑区划分方案下的人类结构与功能连接组及其相互关联。据此，相关研究还可进一步拓展至全脑模型，以开展更深层次的脑结构与功能分析。