World Resource Institute Earth Trends - Water Withdrawal

This dataset contains World Resource Institute Earth Trends Water Withdrawal for the period 2020-2040. Data from World Resource Institute. Follow datasource.kapsarc.org for timely data to advance energy economics research.WRI projected future country-level water stress for 2020, 2030, and 2040 under business-as-usual (BAU), optimistic, and pessimistic scenarios. Each tab lists country projected water stress scores for each scenario and year, weighted by overall water withdrawals. Scores weighted by individual sectors (agricultural, domestic, and industrial) are provided as well.These global projections are best suited to making comparisons among countries for the same year and among scenarios and decades for the same region. More detailed and localized data or scenarios can better estimate potential outcomes for specific regions and expose large sub-national variations that are subsumed under countrywide water-stress values. The country indicators face persistent limitations in attempting to simplify complex information, such as spatial and temporal variations, into a single number. They also do not account for the governance and investment structure of the water sector in different countries. It is important to note the inherent uncertainty in estimating any future conditions, particularly those associated with climate change, future population and economic trends, and water demand. Additionally, care should be taken when examining the change rates of a country’s projected stress levels between one year and another, because the risk-score thresholds are not linear. For more information on these limitations, see the technical note.Water Stresswithdrawals / available flowWater stress measures total annual water withdrawals (municipal, industrial, and agricultural) expressed as a percentage of the total annual available blue water. Higher values indicate more competition among users.Score Value[0-1) Low (<10%)[1-2) Low to medium (10-20%)[2-3) Medium to high (20-40%)[3-4) High (40-80%)[4-5] Extremely high (>80%)

本数据集涵盖世界资源研究所（World Resource Institute, WRI）2020-2040年地球趋势取水量数据，数据来源为世界资源研究所。可关注 datasource.kapsarc.org 获取助力能源经济研究的及时更新数据集。

WRI针对常规情景（business-as-usual, BAU）、乐观情景与悲观情景，预测了2020、2030、2040三个年份的国家级水资源压力数据。每个工作表均列示了各情景、各年份下，以总取水量加权的各国水资源压力评分；同时也提供了以农业、生活、工业三大细分领域取水量分别加权的评分结果。

此类全球预测更适用于同一年份下各国间的横向比较，以及同一区域不同情景、不同十年间的纵向对比。更精细的本地化数据或情景设定，可更精准地估算特定区域的潜在发展结果，并揭示被整合进国家级水资源压力数值中的大型次国家级差异。

国家级水资源压力指标存在固有局限：在将空间、时间变异等复杂信息简化为单一数值的过程中，无法兼顾不同国家水务部门的治理模式与投资结构。

需特别注意未来情景预估的固有不确定性，尤其是与气候变化、未来人口与经济趋势、水资源需求相关的不确定性。此外，在对比不同年份间各国预测压力水平的变化率时需谨慎，因为风险评分阈值并非线性关系。如需了解更多此类局限性的细节，请参阅技术说明文档。

### 水资源压力（Water Stress）：取水量/可用水量
水资源压力指年度总取水量（市政、工业与农业取水量）占年度总可用蓝水资源量的百分比，数值越高代表用水用户间的竞争越激烈。

### 评分区间：
- 评分取值范围[0-1)：低压力（＜10%）
- [1-2)：中低压力（10%-20%）
- [2-3)：中高压力（20%-40%）
- [3-4)：高压力（40%-80%）
- [4-5]：极高压力（＞80%）