IMPACT OF POSTURE AND RECOVERY METHODS ON SPORTS INJURIES

ABSTRACT Introduction Exercise methods with incorrect posture or inadequate repetitive movements may cause irreversible long-term body damage. There is a growing interest in ergonomics in martial arts, but taekwondo lacks studies. Objective Evaluate the postural ergonomics impact on injuries and rehabilitation in taekwondo athletes. Methods 13 taekwondo team members from a sports academy had their posture and injury characteristics evaluated. Research methods, experimental and mathematical statistics investigated the athletes’ postural and body diagnosis, confronting the information with their injury history, pain, and injury duration. Results Nine athletes suffered injuries and pain in the pelvic girdle and ankle joints; the odds are 69.23%, pelvic girdle and ankle joints have the highest frequency of injuries, followed by knee injuries (46.15%), and foot joints (30.77%). Injuries to the thigh, wrist, and shoulder joints were detected in 23.08% of athletes. Conclusions The results of this study indicate postural dysfunctions can be corrected with motor function evaluation and early rehabilitation based on ergonomic sports posture. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.

摘要
引言：错误的锻炼姿势或重复动作不足，可能造成不可逆的长期身体损伤。当前武术领域的人体工效学（ergonomics）研究关注度日益提升，但针对跆拳道（taekwondo）的相关研究仍较为匮乏。
研究目的：评估姿势人体工效学对跆拳道运动员损伤与康复的影响。
研究方法：选取某体育学院跆拳道队的13名队员，对其姿势与损伤特征开展评估。本研究通过实验法与数理统计法，对运动员的姿势及身体状态进行诊断，并将所得信息与他们的损伤史、疼痛情况及损伤时长进行对比分析。
研究结果：共有9名运动员出现骨盆带与踝关节的损伤及疼痛，占比69.23%，骨盆带与踝关节为损伤发生率最高的部位；其次为膝关节损伤（46.15%）与足部关节损伤（30.77%）。另有23.08%的运动员出现大腿、腕关节及肩关节损伤。
研究结论：本研究结果表明，基于人体工效学运动姿势的运动功能评估与早期康复，可纠正姿势功能异常。证据等级：II级；治疗性研究——探究研究结果。