A multicomponent system based on a blend of agroindustrial wastes for the simultaneous production of industrially applicable enzymes by solid-state fermentation

Abstract This study reports the use of statistical mixture design as a tool for the simultaneous production of lipase, CMCase, α-amylase, and β-glucosidase by Aspergillus niger under solid-state fermentation. Wheat bran, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and orange peel were used as substrates, either individually or combined in different formulations, to study their synergistic or antagonistic effects on production of the enzymes. The highest lipase (323 U g-1) and CMCase (10 U g-1) activities were detected after 48 h, while the maximum activities of α-amylase (18 U g-1) and β-glucosidase (15 U g-1) occurred at 72 and 96 h, respectively. Considering the substrate formulation, the ternary mixture of wheat bran (1/3), soybean meal (1/3), and cottonseed meal (1/3) was the most versatile, showing production of CMCase (>5 U g-1) and α-amylase (>8 U g-1) at 24 h, lipase (>320 U g-1) at 72 h, and β-glucosidase (>10 U g-1) at 48 h.

摘要 本研究报道了以统计混料设计（statistical mixture design）为研究工具，在固态发酵条件下利用黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）同步生产脂肪酶、羧甲基纤维素酶（CMCase）、α-淀粉酶与β-葡萄糖苷酶的研究。实验选取麦麸、豆粕、棉籽粕及橙皮作为底物，分别以单一形式或不同配比组合形式使用，以探究底物间对酶类生产的协同或拮抗效应。结果显示，发酵48 h后可检测到最高的脂肪酶酶活（323 U·g⁻¹）与羧甲基纤维素酶酶活（10 U·g⁻¹）；而α-淀粉酶（18 U·g⁻¹）与β-葡萄糖苷酶（15 U·g⁻¹）的最大酶活分别出现在72 h与96 h。就底物配方而言，麦麸（1/3）、豆粕（1/3）与棉籽粕（1/3）的三元混合体系适配性最佳，可在24 h时产生羧甲基纤维素酶（>5 U·g⁻¹）与α-淀粉酶（>8 U·g⁻¹），72 h时产出脂肪酶（>320 U·g⁻¹），并在48 h时获得β-葡萄糖苷酶（>10 U·g⁻¹）。