Importance of formal education and family income in the accession process to the use of hearing devices in children under 12 years

PURPOSE: to determine if the level of education and income of the guardians of children seen at the Hearing Health University Hospital, influences on the adherence to the use of hearing aids. METHODS: a retrospective study using a survey of secondary data in Supplementary Examination Laboratory University Hospital was conducted. Data on the type and degree of hearing loss, type of adaptation, family income and education of parents or guardians were verified. Adherence to the use of hearing aids was verified by the presence in annual consultation after discharge. RESULTS: 105 patients were analyzed. 35(10,47%) cases reported to receive a minimum wage as a single income family, 54(51,4%) between one and three minimum wages, 4(3,8%) from three to 10 minimum wages and 12(11,4%) cases the information was not reported in the interview. Regarding the level of education of parents or guardians, 51(48,5%) had no formal education or at most elementary school, 39(37,1%) began or completed high school, 5(4,7%) began or completed a university degree and in 10(9,7%) cases there was no information. 94 patients adhered to the hearing aids, and 11 did not. There was no statistical significance between family income or education and the adherence to the use of hearing aids in children treated at University Hospital. CONCLUSION: the family income or education of parents or guardians does not influence the adherence to the use of hearing aids in children up to 12 years seen in University Hospital.

研究目的：旨在探究听力健康大学医院接诊儿童的监护人受教育程度与家庭收入，是否会对其助听器使用依从性产生影响。研究方法：本研究为回顾性研究，采用大学医院辅助检查实验室的二手数据开展调研。核实内容涵盖患儿听力损失类型与程度、助听器适配类型、父母或监护人的家庭收入及受教育水平。助听器使用依从性通过患儿出院后年度复诊时的佩戴记录进行验证。研究结果：共纳入105例患儿进行分析。其中35例（10.47%）家庭唯一收入为最低工资标准，54例（51.4%）家庭收入介于1至3倍最低工资之间，4例（3.8%）家庭收入为3至10倍最低工资，另有12例（11.4%）受访对象未报告相关收入信息。关于父母或监护人的受教育程度，51例（48.5%）未接受过正规教育或仅完成小学阶段学业，39例（37.1%）完成或在读高中阶段教育，5例（4.7%）完成或在读大学本科教育，另有10例（9.7%）未提供相关信息。最终94例患儿坚持使用助听器，11例未坚持。经统计学分析，家庭收入或监护人受教育程度与儿童助听器使用依从性之间未发现显著相关性。研究结论：在本大学医院接诊的12岁及以下儿童中，父母或监护人的家庭收入与受教育程度，并不会对其助听器使用依从性产生影响。