Supplementary Material for: Effect Estimation of an Innovative Nursing Intervention to Improve Delirium among Home-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

<b><i>Aims:</i></b> Estimating the effect of a nursing intervention in home-dwelling older adults on the occurrence and course of delirium and concomitant cognitive and functional impairment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A randomized clinical pilot trial using a before/after design was conducted with older patients discharged from hospital who had a medical prescription to receive home care. A total of 51 patients were randomized into the experimental group (EG) and 52 patients into the control group (CG). Besides usual home care, nursing interventions were offered by a geriatric nurse specialist to the EG at 48 h, 72 h, 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days after discharge. All patients were monitored for symptoms of delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method. Cognitive and functional statuses were measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Katz and Lawton Index. <b><i>Results:</i></b> No statistical differences with regard to symptoms of delirium (p = 0.085), cognitive impairment (p = 0.151), and functional status (p = 0.235) were found between the EG and CG at study entry and at 1 month. After adjustment, statistical differences were found in favor of the EG for symptoms of delirium (p = 0.046), cognitive impairment (p = 0.015), and functional status (p = 0.033). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Nursing interventions to detect delirium at home are feasible and accepted. The nursing interventions produced a promising effect to improve delirium.

**研究目的**：评估居家老年人群所接受的护理干预对谵妄发生、病程及伴随的认知与功能损害的影响。
**研究方法**：本研究采用前后对照设计，针对出院后医嘱接受居家护理的老年患者开展随机先导临床试验。共计纳入103例患者，其中51例被随机分配至试验组（EG），52例分配至对照组（CG）。除常规居家护理外，试验组患者会在出院后48小时、72小时、7天、14天及21天接受老年专科护士提供的专项护理干预。所有患者均采用谵妄评定法（Confusion Assessment Method）监测谵妄症状；认知与功能状态分别采用简易精神状态检查表（Mini-Mental State Examination）与卡茨-劳顿指数（Katz and Lawton Index）进行评估。
**研究结果**：在研究入组时及随访1个月时，试验组与对照组在谵妄症状（p=0.085）、认知损害（p=0.151）及功能状态（p=0.235）方面均未观察到统计学差异。经校正分析后，试验组在谵妄症状（p=0.046）、认知损害（p=0.015）与功能状态（p=0.033）方面均展现出显著优势。
**研究结论**：居家情境下针对谵妄的护理干预具备可行性且易于被接受。该类护理干预对改善谵妄相关症状展现出具有前景的干预效果。