漂流廢棄物之輸出模式實驗

"海洋廢棄物主要為人造生活廢棄物，很大比例源自陸地河川的輸送。自2015聯合國倡議海洋永續，海廢治理漸漸成為備受關注的議題，透過調查、統計追蹤溯源，透過實驗收集海漂廢棄物的軌跡，為何會成為海廢熱點，利用數值模式回推軌跡，可以得知海廢的奇幻漂流歷程；海廢不只受到海流的作用力之外，尚受到大氣風力的作用，這正是海洋與大氣的交互作用影響著全球海洋廢棄物的傳送路徑，這海氣交互作用就是所謂的風壓差，各種海洋廢棄物的種類、型態、密度、體積都不同，所以每種廢漂廢棄物都具備不同的風壓差係數，因此透過累積多次的海上實驗，蒐集並建立風壓差，對於掌握海洋廢棄物的來去，能夠導入數值模式，進而獲得海廢治理的參考。
爰此，本案計畫之目的為記錄不同形體之漂流物於近海之軌跡變化，結合現場海流與氣象觀測，轉換為風壓差數據做為漂流數值模擬與驗證，並規劃河口漂流物之釋放與收回實驗，累積陸源性與海源性廢棄物漂流之追蹤及溯源之能量，提升對我國海域之廢棄物分佈與來源之掌握。"

Marine debris primarily consists of man-made domestic waste, a large proportion of which is transported via land-based rivers. Since the 2015 United Nations initiative for marine sustainability, marine debris governance has gradually emerged as a high-profile research and policy topic. Through investigation, statistical tracking, source tracing, and collecting trajectories of floating marine debris via field experiments, we can identify the factors contributing to the formation of marine debris hotspots; backtracking these trajectories using numerical models enables us to uncover the mysterious drifting journeys of marine debris. Apart from the forces of ocean currents, marine debris is also affected by atmospheric winds. It is the air-sea interaction that governs the global transport paths of marine debris, and this interaction is defined as the wind-pressure difference. Different types of marine debris vary in morphology, density, volume and composition, so each type of drifting waste possesses a distinct wind-pressure difference coefficient. Therefore, by conducting multiple offshore experiments to collect and establish wind-pressure difference datasets, we can incorporate these data into numerical models to track the movement of marine debris, thereby providing evidence-based references for marine debris governance.

Against this background, the objective of this project is to record the trajectory changes of drifting objects with different morphologies in coastal waters, combine in-situ ocean current and meteorological observations, convert such observations into wind-pressure difference data for numerical drift simulation and validation, and plan experiments for the release and recovery of drifting objects at estuaries. This will accumulate a comprehensive dataset and technical capabilities for tracking and source tracing of land-based and marine-derived drifting waste, and improve the understanding of the distribution and sources of marine debris in China's maritime waters.