The complete mitochondrial genomes of the freshwater mussel <i>Ortmanniana ligamentina</i> (Lamarck, 1819): male and female mitotypes

Freshwater mussels of the Unionida order are important to freshwater ecosystems but are highly imperiled worldwide. Improving our understanding of these species is crucial to their continued conservation. Some Unionid mussels exhibit double uniparental inheritance (DUI) in which individuals have two mitochondrial genomes. Of those species with DUI, sequences of the female mitotype are most prevalent in genetic databases. Here, we demonstrate the ability to recover both mitotypes of Ortmanniana ligamentina (Lamarck, 1819) from a non-lethal collection method coupled with high-throughput sequencing. Increased male mitotype sequence representation facilitates understanding Unionid genetic diversity and development of molecular tools for species detection.蚌目（Unionida）淡水蚌类对淡水生态系统具有关键生态功能，但在全球范围内面临极高的灭绝风险。加深对这些物种的认知，对其长期保护至关重要。部分蚌目物种存在双重单亲遗传（double uniparental inheritance, DUI）现象，即个体携带两套线粒体基因组。在存在双重单亲遗传的物种中，雌性线粒体型（mitotype）的序列在遗传数据库中占比最高。本研究通过非致死采集方法结合高通量测序技术，成功获取了韧带蚌（Ortmanniana ligamentina, Lamarck, 1819）的两套线粒体型。提升雄性线粒体型的序列占比，有助于深化对蚌目类群遗传多样性的认知，并开发用于物种检测的分子工具。