Santa Catalina Mountains Soil Solution Chemistry 2011 (Arizona, USA)

Soil solution samples in the Santa-Catalina Mountain field sites of the Catalina-Jemez Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) are collected with three types of soil solution samples: i) Prenart Super Quartz suction cups (www.prenart.dk) and ii) SoilMoisture suction cups (SoilMoisture Equipment Corp., Santa Barbara, CA) and iii) custom made zero-tension sampler (Hinckley et al., 2008). Prenart suction cups are optimized for all chemistry analyses and were installed without addition of Si-slurry to allow for artifact-free Si analyses. Applied suction for each Prenart is ~ 50kPa and SoilMoisture suction cups are sampled with a suction of 70-80kpa. Both suction cup types are optimized for all chemistry analyses with the exception of dissolved organic matter in the case of the SoilMoisture ones (due to potential sorption of DOM on the porous ceramic material). Zero-tension samplers are optimized for water flux determination at saturated flow and sampling for various chemistry analyses. In Marshall Gulch there are 8 SoilMoisture suction cups in the schist site and 7 in the granite site in both convergent and divergent landscape positions. These soil solution samplers are co-located with piezometers measuring water table depth within the soil profile. In the Oracle Ridge site there are 8 pits each equipped with 2 Prenarts and 1 SoilMoisture ceramic cup lysimeter. These samplers are co-located with Decagon Em5b data loggers with EC-5 soil moisture sensors and ECT soil temperature sensors. The B2 Desert site Schist and a Granite sites are both equipped with 7 zero-tension samplers (Hinckley et al., 2008) in both divergent and convergent landscape positions as well one SoilMoisture ceramic cup lysimeter. These samplers are co-located with Decagon Em5b data loggers with EC-5 soil moisture sensors and ECT soil temperature sensors.

卡特琳娜-赫梅斯临界带观测站（Catalina-Jemez Critical Zone Observatory, CZO）圣卡塔利纳山地野外站点的土壤溶液样本通过三类采集装置采集：i）普纳特超石英吸力杯（Prenart Super Quartz suction cups，www.prenart.dk）；ii）土壤湿度品牌吸力杯（SoilMoisture suction cups，SoilMoisture Equipment Corp., 加利福尼亚州圣巴巴拉市）；iii）定制零张力采样器（custom made zero-tension sampler，Hinckley等，2008）。普纳特吸力杯适配所有化学分析需求，安装时未添加硅浆，以实现无人工污染的硅元素分析。每个普纳特吸力杯的施加吸力约为50kPa，土壤湿度品牌吸力杯则采用70-80kPa的吸力完成采样。两类吸力杯均适配多数化学分析，但土壤湿度品牌吸力杯因溶解态有机质（dissolved organic matter, DOM）可能在多孔陶瓷材料上发生吸附，不适用于溶解态有机质分析。定制零张力采样器适配饱和流条件下的水通量测定，以及多类化学分析采样。在马歇尔峡谷（Marshall Gulch）的片岩样地与花岗岩样地中，汇聚型与发散型景观位置均布设了8个土壤湿度品牌吸力杯（片岩样地）与7个土壤湿度品牌吸力杯（花岗岩样地）。这些土壤溶液采样器与测定土壤剖面内地下水位深度的测压管同步布设。在奥拉克尔岭（Oracle Ridge）站点，共设有8个采样坑，每个坑均配备2个普纳特吸力杯与1个土壤湿度陶瓷杯蒸渗仪。这些采样器与搭载EC-5土壤湿度传感器及ECT土壤温度传感器的Decagon Em5b数据记录仪同步布设。B2荒漠站点的片岩样地与花岗岩样地，在汇聚型与发散型景观位置均布设了7台定制零张力采样器（Hinckley等，2008），同时各配备1台土壤湿度陶瓷杯蒸渗仪。这些采样器同样与搭载EC-5土壤湿度传感器及ECT土壤温度传感器的Decagon Em5b数据记录仪同步布设。